Scaling real-time search and analytics with Elasticsearch

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. Clinton Gormley @clintongormley Scaling real time search and analytics with elasticsearch

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited.

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch.org/guide

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch • real-time

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch • real-time • distributed

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch • real-time • distributed • search

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch • real-time • distributed • search • analytics

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. how to use it?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. how does it work?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 1: making text searchable

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. where content like “%darling%buds%”

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. slow & inﬂexible

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. Term Doc 1 Doc 2 Doc 3 breathe brings buds but by can … damasked darling date day deaf death declines delight sorted list of unique terms

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. Term Doc 1 Doc 2 Doc 3 breathe brings buds but by can … damasked darling date day deaf death declines delight where they occur

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. Term Doc 1 Doc 2 Doc 3 breathe brings buds but by can … damasked darling date day deaf death declines delight

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies » relevance

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies • text length » relevance

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies • text length » relevance » doc weight

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies • text length • term positions » relevance » doc weight

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies • text length • term positions » relevance » doc weight » word proximity

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies • text length • term positions • char offsets » relevance » doc weight » word proximity

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index • term frequencies • text length • term positions • char offsets » relevance » doc weight » word proximity » highlighting

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index not just for text

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index numbers, dates, bools, enums geopoints, geoshapes, etc

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 2: analytics

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. for search map values → doc_ids

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. for search map values → doc_ids for analytics map doc_ids → values

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. uninvert the index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. uninvert the index cache values in memory called “ﬁelddata”

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. uninvert the index data access from RAM very fast

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. on-the-ﬂy analytics in the context of a user’s query

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. on-the-ﬂy analytics relevant analytics for each user

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. calculate metrics count, min, max, sum, avg, percentiles, cardinality, stddev, variance, sum of squares !

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. grouped by popular terms, signiﬁcant terms, ranges, dates, geolocation, etc

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. grouped by groups can … contain subgroups … which contain subgroups etc

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 3: building the inverted index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. inverted index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. immutable

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. immutable • cache friendly

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. immutable • cache friendly • reads from RAM

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. immutable • cache friendly • reads from RAM • fielddata never changes

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. immutable • cache friendly • reads from RAM • fielddata never changes • compressible

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. immutable • cache friendly • reads from RAM • fielddata never changes • compressible • no locking

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. but, immutable…

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 4: dynamic inverted index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. in-memory buffer commit segment

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. commit point segment searchable

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. commit point segment searchable commit

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit • write new segment

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit • write new segment • write new commit point

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit • write new segment • write new commit point • fsync

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit • write new segment • write new commit point • fsync • clear buffer

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit • write new segment • write new commit point • fsync • clear buffer • reopen index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene commit • write new segment • write new commit point • fsync ← expensive! • clear buffer • reopen index

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 5: near real-time search

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. in-memory buffer ﬂush segment

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable ﬂush

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable commit

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene ﬂush

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene ﬂush • write new segment • clear buffer • reopen index !

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene ﬂush • write new segment • clear buffer • reopen index • no fsync

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lucene ﬂush • write new segment • clear buffer • reopen index • no fsync → lightweight

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. but… data not safe until fsync’ed!

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 6: don’t lose data

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 6: don’t lose data → transaction log

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. in-memory buffer ﬂush segment translog

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable translog

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable ﬂush translog

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable translog

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable translog commit

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. segment searchable translog commit point

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. elasticsearch “refresh” • lucene “flush” • makes changes searchable • lightweight !

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • lucene “commit” • clears transaction log • persists changes • heavy ! elasticsearch “ﬂush”

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. refresh every second

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. near real-time search!

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. near real-time search! near real-time analytics!

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. but…

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • slow searches • poor term frequencies • poor compression ! ! too many segments

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 7: reduce segments

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. searchable

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. merge process • many small → one big • removes deleted docs • runs in background • throttled

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “Any wonder it broke down” by Brian Snelson is licensed under CC BY 2.0

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. sometimes you need another truck

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 8: scale out, not up

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. shard your data

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. shard your data transparent in elasticsearch

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. many segments

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. one shard ss many segments →

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. one shard ss many segments ssssssss many shards ss →

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. one shard ss many segments one index IIssssssss many shards ss → →

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “node” running instance of elasticsearch ≈ one server

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “shard” bucket of data lives on one node physical worker unit

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “index” logical namespace points to one or more shards

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “index” logical namespace points to one or more shards shard = hash(_id) % no_of_shards

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. PUT doc _id:1 hash(1) % 3 shard_2 node_A shard_0 node_B shard_1 node_C shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. GET doc _id:2 hash(2) % 3 shard_0 node_A shard_0 node_B shard_1 node_C shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. Search all docs shard = hash(_id) % no_of_shards node_A shard_0 node_B shard_1 node_C shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 9: scaling elastically

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. start small node_A shard_0 shard_1 shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. add more nodes node_A shard_0 shard_1 shard_2 node_B node_C

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. shards migrate node_A shard_0 shard_1 shard_2 node_B shard_1 node_C shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. rebalanced node_A shard_0 node_B shard_1 node_C shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. add new index node_A shard_0 shard_1 node_B shard_1 shard_2 node_C shard_0 shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. but… more hardware?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. but… more hardware? more hardware failure

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. at 3am on sunday… node_A shard_0 shard_1 node_B shard_1 shard_2 node_C shard_0 shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. boom! node_A shard_0 shard_1 node_B shard_1 shard_2 node_C shard_0 shard_2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 10: add redundancy

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. for every shard …make a copy

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “primary shard” main shard

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “replica shard(s)” copy of primary shard

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. one node node_A P0 P1 P2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. add a node node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. add a node node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R1 R2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. redundancy node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R1 R2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. add a node node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R1 R2 node_C

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. add a node node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R1 R2 R1 node_C P0

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. rebalanced node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R1 R2 node_C P0

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. lose a node node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R2 R1 node_C P0

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. replica primary node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B R0 R2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. replica primary node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B P0 R2

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. allocate replicas node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B P0 R2 R0 R1

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. rebalanced node_A P0 P1 P2 node_B P0 R2 R0 R1

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. primary shard • just a role • receives doc changes first • forwards new doc to replicas in parallel • number of primaries fixed

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. replica shard • copy of primary shard • serves read/search requests • number of replicas can be changed • more replicas → more read throughput  *if you have more hardware*

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. but… who controls all this?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. step 11: the master node

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “Master Yoda” by Gonzalo Martín is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “node” running instance of elastic search

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “node” running instance of elastic search node_A

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “cluster” one or more nodes with same cluster name working together

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. “cluster” node_A node_B

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B node_C discover a cluster with multicast/unicast

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B node_C request routing send request to any node

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B node_C request routing forwards to correct node

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. how?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. how? every node knows where every document is

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. cluster state every node knows where every document is

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. cluster state cluster level information

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. cluster state cluster level information indices shards nodes

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. cluster state can only be updated by the master node

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A master node elected when cluster forms

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B master node

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B master node node_C

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B node_C master node

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B node_C master node just a role

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_A node_B node_C master node re-elected if master fails

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_B node_C master node node_A re-elected if master fails

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. node_B node_C master node re-elected if master fails

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. master node only manages cluster level changes

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. master node not doc-level  get/put/search

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. the result?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. distributed real-time search & analytics

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. which works in the same way on your laptop…

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. …as on your 1,000 node cluster

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. who is using it?

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • full text search • highlighted search snippets • search-as-you-type • did-you-mean suggestions

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • combine visitor logs with   social network data • real-time feedback to editors

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • combines full text search with geolocation • uses more-like-this to ﬁnd   related questions and answers

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • search repositories, users,   issues, pull requests • search 130 billion lines of code • track all alerts, events, logs

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. • index and analyse   5TB of log data every day

Copyright Elasticsearch 2014. Copying, publishing and/or distributing without written permission is strictly prohibited. thank you @clintongormley elasticsearch.org/downloads elasticsearch.com/support elasticsearch.com/jobs

Scaling real-time search and analytics with Elasticsearch

by clintongormley on Apr 10, 2014

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Scaling real-time search and analytics with Elasticsearch Presentation Transcript