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| 
 | 
 Yes, sports fan  | 
 No, not a fan  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
| 2009 Aug 6-9 | 
 56  | 
 44  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2009 Feb 20-22  | 
 63  | 
 36  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2008 Jul 25-27  | 
 61  | 
 38  | 
 1  | 
| 
 2007 Jun 1-3  | 
 54  | 
 45  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2006 May 5-7  | 
 56  | 
 44  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2005 Feb 25-27  | 
 63  | 
 37  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2005 Feb 4-6  | 
 58  | 
 42  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2005 Jan 7-9  | 
 56  | 
 44  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2004 Dec 17-19  | 
 57  | 
 43  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2004 Jan 9-11  | 
 62  | 
 38  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2003 Aug 4-6  | 
 56  | 
 44  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2003 Jul 25-27  | 
 63  | 
 37  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2003 Jun 27-29  | 
 57  | 
 42  | 
 1  | 
| 
 2003 Apr 22-23  | 
 61  | 
 39  | 
 --  | 
| 
 2003 Mar 14-15  | 
 66  | 
 34  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2003 Feb 24-26  | 
 61  | 
 39  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2003 Jan 3-5  | 
 62  | 
 38  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2002 Dec 9-10  | 
 62  | 
 38  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2001 Aug 24-26  | 
 57  | 
 42  | 
 1  | 
| 
 2001 Jan 15-16  | 
 58  | 
 42  | 
 *  | 
| 
 2000 Apr 28-30  | 
 62  | 
 37  | 
 1  | 
| 
 * Less than 0.5  | 
|||
(Asked of sports fans) We'd like to know your views on how widespread the use of performance enhancing drugs is in various professional sports. Just your best guess, how many athletes in -- [RANDOM ORDER] -- use performance-enhancing drugs -- all or almost all, most, some, only a few, or none?
| 
 2007 Jun 1-3  | 
 All or  | 
 Most  | 
 Some  | 
 Only  | 
 None  | 
 No  | 
 All/  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 Professional football  | 
 7  | 
 26  | 
 45  | 
 18  | 
 2  | 
 2  | 
 33  | 
| 
 Professional baseball  | 
 7  | 
 20  | 
 46  | 
 24  | 
 1  | 
 2  | 
 27  | 
| 
 Track and field  | 
 5  | 
 16  | 
 45  | 
 25  | 
 5  | 
 4  | 
 21  | 
| 
 Professional cycling  | 
 6  | 
 14  | 
 37  | 
 31  | 
 5  | 
 7  | 
 20  | 
| 
 Professional basketball  | 
 4  | 
 12  | 
 43  | 
 32  | 
 5  | 
 3  | 
 16  | 
| 
 Swimming  | 
 3  | 
 6  | 
 37  | 
 34  | 
 10  | 
 10  | 
 9  | 
(Asked of sports fans) Do you think each of the following sports is doing enough -- or not doing enough -- to deal with the use of performance enhancing drugs by its athletes? How about -- [RANDOM ORDER]?
| 
 2007 Jun 1-3  | 
 Doing enough  | 
 Not doing enough  | 
 No  | 
| 
 | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
| 
 Swimming  | 
 51  | 
 31  | 
 18  | 
| 
 Professional cycling  | 
 48  | 
 42  | 
 10  | 
| 
 Track and field  | 
 45  | 
 43  | 
 12  | 
| 
 Professional basketball  | 
 45  | 
 48  | 
 6  | 
| 
 Professional football  | 
 33  | 
 63  | 
 4  | 
| 
 Professional baseball  | 
 30  | 
 67  | 
 3  | 
In your opinion, who is currently the greatest male athlete in sports today? [OPEN-ENDED]
| 
 | 
 2005 Jul 25-28  | 
| 
 | 
 %  | 
| 
 Lance Armstrong  | 
 41  | 
| 
 Tiger Woods  | 
 10  | 
| 
 Michael Jordan  | 
 3  | 
| 
 Shaquille O'Neal  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Peyton Manning  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Michael Vick  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Brett Favre  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Albert Pujols  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Barry Bonds  | 
 *  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
| 
 Other  | 
 16  | 
| 
 None  | 
 *  | 
| 
 No opinion  | 
 25  | 
| 
 * Less than 0.5%  | 
|
In your opinion, who is currently the greatest female athlete in sports today? [OPEN-ENDED]
| 
 | 
 2005 Jul 25-28  | 
| 
 | 
 %  | 
| 
 Serena Williams  | 
 9  | 
| 
 Venus Williams  | 
 9  | 
| 
 "Williams sisters"  | 
 6  | 
| 
 Annika Sorenstam  | 
 7  | 
| 
 Michelle Wie  | 
 3  | 
| 
 Mia Hamm  | 
 2  | 
| 
 Sheryl Swoopes  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Danica Patrick  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Anna Kournikova  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Maria Sharapova  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Lindsay Davenport  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Lisa Leslie  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Jackie-Joyner Kersee  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Michelle Kwan  | 
 *  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
| 
 Other  | 
 9  | 
| 
 None  | 
 *  | 
| 
 No opinion  | 
 48  | 
BASKETBALL
Would you like to see the NCAA -- [ROTATED: increase the number of teams that qualify for the men's NCAA basketball tournament, keep the number of teams the same, or reduce the number of teams that qualify for the men's NCAA basketball tournament]?
[ASKED OF COLLEGE BASKETBALL FANS]
| 
 | 
 Increase  | 
 Keep  | 
 Reduce  | 
 No  | 
| 
 2006 Apr 7-9  | 
 20%  | 
 72  | 
 4  | 
 4  | 
Do you think the NBA should have an age restriction requiring players to be at least twenty years of age, or do you think there should be no age limit?
| 
 | 
 Yes, restriction  | 
 No, no restriction  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
|
| 
 National adults  | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| 
 2002 Jun 21-23  | 
 43%  | 
 51  | 
 6  | 
| 
 1999 Jun 25-27  | 
 50%  | 
 44  | 
 6  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
|
| 
 Basketball fans  | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| 
 2002 Jun 21-23  | 
 43%  | 
 55  | 
 2  | 
GOLF
Next, how closely are you following the news about golfer Tiger Woods' recent car crash and allegations that he was having extramarital affairs -- very closely, somewhat closely, not too closely, or not at all?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 Very  | 
 Some-  | 
 Not too  | 
 Not  | 
 No  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 National adults  | 
 14  | 
 30  | 
 32  | 
 24  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Golf fans  | 
 22  | 
 38  | 
 26  | 
 13  | 
 2  | 
Please say whether each of the following does or does not describe your reaction to the recent news about Tiger Woods. How about -- [RANDOM ORDER]?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 Describes  | 
 Does not  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 A. Shocked  | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| 
 National adults  | 
 36  | 
 63  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Golf fans  | 
 45  | 
 55  | 
 *  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
|
| 
 B. Disappointed  | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| 
 National adults  | 
 61  | 
 36  | 
 3  | 
| 
 Golf fans  | 
 67  | 
 30  | 
 3  | 
| 
 * Less than 0.5%  | 
|||
Looking ahead, do you think you will be less likely to watch golf tournaments Tiger Woods is playing than you were in the past, or not?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 Less likely  | 
 Not less likely  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 National adults  | 
 16  | 
 77  | 
 7  | 
| 
 Golf fans  | 
 18  | 
 81  | 
 1  | 
If a company uses Tiger Woods to endorse its product in the future, how would that affect your opinion of that company -- would it make you -- [ROTATED: more favorable, would it not affect your opinion either way, (or would it make you) less favorable] -- toward that company?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 More  | 
 Not affect  | 
 Less  | 
 No  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 National adults  | 
 3  | 
 77  | 
 19  | 
 1  | 
| 
 Golf fans  | 
 4  | 
 76  | 
 19  | 
 1  | 
Do you think Tiger Woods should or should not publicly answer questions about the recent car crash and allegations of extramarital affairs?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 Should  | 
 Should not  | 
 No  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 National adults ^  | 
 24  | 
 72  | 
 5  | 
| 
 Golf fans ^  | 
 28  | 
 69  | 
 3  | 
| 
 ^ Asked of a half sample  | 
|||
In general, do you think the news media should or should not report stories about a famous person having an extramarital affair?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 Should  | 
 Should not  | 
 No  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 National adults ^  | 
 34  | 
 62  | 
 4  | 
| 
 Golf fans ^  | 
 41  | 
 59  | 
 1  | 
| 
 ^ Asked of a half sample  | 
|||
As you may know, there are reports that Tiger Woods is considering retiring from playing professional golf. Would you like to see Tiger Woods -- [ROTATED: keep playing professional golf (or) retire from professional golf]?
| 
 2009 Dec 11-13  | 
 Keep playing  | 
 Retire  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 %  | 
 %  | 
 %  | 
|
| 
 National adults  | 
 68  | 
 15  | 
 17  | 
| 
 Golf fans  | 
 83  | 
 9  | 
 8  | 
(Asked of professional golf fans) Are you, personally, familiar with the new FedEx Cup Playoff system on the PGA tour, or not?
| 
 | 
 Yes, familiar  | 
 No, not  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 2007 Sep 7-8  | 
 43%  | 
 56  | 
 1  | 
(Asked of professional golf fans) Are you, personally, familiar with the new FedEx Cup Playoff system on the PGA tour, or not?
| 
 | 
 Yes, familiar  | 
 No, not  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 2007 Sep 7-8  | 
 43%  | 
 56  | 
 1  | 
(Asked of professional golf fans) Next, we are interested in how the new FedEx Cup Playoff system will affect golf fans' interest in the PGA tour. Does the new playoff system -- [ROTATED: make the PGA tour more interesting to you, does it make no difference, or does it make the PGA tour less interesting to you]?
| 
 | 
 More  | 
 No  | 
 Less  | 
 No  | 
| 
 2007 Sep 7-8  | 
 20%  | 
 61  | 
 5  | 
 14  | 
(Asked of professional golf fans) In general, would you say you do -- or do not -- understand how the new FedEx Cup Playoff system works?
| 
 | 
 Yes, do  | 
 No, do not  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 2007 Sep 7-8  | 
 32%  | 
 64  | 
 5  | 
(Asked of golf fans) As you may know, tournaments such as the Ryder Cup pit a team of professional golfers from the U.S. against an international team. Just your best guess, how important do you think it is to U.S. golf team members that the U.S. wins these tournaments -- very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not important at all?
| 
 | 
 Very  | 
 Somewhat  | 
 Not too  | 
 Not  | 
 No  | 
| 
 2006 Sep 15-17  | 
 49%  | 
 33  | 
 12  | 
 4  | 
 1  | 
Have you ever played golf?
| 
 | 
 Yes, have  | 
 No, have not  | 
 No opinion  | 
| 
 2006 Jan 6-8  | 
 43%  | 
 57  | 
 *  | 
| 
 1995 Oct 13-16 ^  | 
 41%  | 
 59  | 
 --  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| 
 ^ Gallup/CNN/IBM/US News and World Report poll  | 
|||
Have you, personally, become more interested in golf since Tiger Woods joined the professional golf tour, have you become less interested, or has your interest in golf not changed?
| 
 | 
 More interested  | 
 Less interested  | 
 No  | 
 No  | 
| 
 2006 Jan 6-8  | 
 18%  | 
 5  | 
 76  | 
 1  | 
Who do you think is the better golfer -- [ROTATED: Tiger Woods today (or) Jack Nicklaus in his prime]?
| 
 | 
 Tiger  | 
 Jack  | 
 SAME  | 
 No  | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
|
| 
 2001 Jun 8-10  | 
 69  | 
 19  | 
 3  | 
 9  | 
| 
 2000 Mar 30-Apr 2  | 
 40  | 
 41  | 
 2  | 
 17  |