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¡ã¡ãæÀþ¡Ê¤½¤Î£³¡Ë¡ä¡ä ttp://www.nicnas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/4946/MCS_Final_Report_Nov_2010_PDF.pdf ¥ª¡¼¥¹¥È¥é¥ê¥¢¤Î¡¡Scientific Review Report¡¡¡ÖMultiple Chemical Sensitivity: identifying key research needs¡× ¤³¤Îʸ½ñ¤Î£µ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¡§1.1 OVERVIEW¡¡¹à¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢¡ÖPresently, a diagnosis of MCS is based commonly on self-reported symptoms and chemical exposure histories. The symptom profile of MCS is indistinguishable from other multi-symptom disorders. No laboratory tests currently exist for diagnosing MCS. Different case definitions and the lack of a characteristic symptom profile and objective laboratory biomarkers for MCS have impeded recognition of the disorder as a distinct clinical entity.¡× ¡ÖThere are no standardised treatments for MCS. Current treatments advocated for MCS include dietary changes, nutritional supplements, detoxification and desensitisation techniques, holistic or body therapies, as well as prescription medicines and behavioural therapies. The most common management regime for MCS is avoidance of agents that trigger symptoms.¡×¡¡¤Îξʸ¤ÏÌ£¤ï¤¤¿¼¤¤¡£ Current treatments¤Î°ìÉô¤Ï¤É¤ó¤Ê¤â¤Î¤«ÁÛÁü¤¬¤Ä¤«¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¡ã¡ãæÀþ¡Ê¤½¤Î£³¡Ë½ª¤ï¤ê¡ä¡ä
¡É½Âê¡§¡ÖMultiple Chemical Sensitivity and the Workplace: Current Position and Need for an Occupational Health Surveillance Protocol¡× ¤³¤Îʸ½ñ¤ÏϫƯ±ÒÀ¸¤ò»Ø¸þ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¢¥Í¥Ã¥È¾å¤Ç¤Î²½³ØÊª¼Á²áÉÒ¾ÉÏÀÁè¤È¤Ï¿¾¯ÏÃÂ꤬°ã¤¦¤Î¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£¼£ÎŤÎÏÃÂê¤Ï´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤À¡£ ¢2.Case Definition¹à¤Î¡ÖIn February 1996, the invited experts forming a workshop organized by the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) of the WHO, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), and the International Labor Organization (ILO) recommended a new name: idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI) because the term MCS ¡Èmakes an unsupported judgment on causation¡É (i.e., environmental chemicals). This concept was taken from Sparks (2000), who defined IEI as a chronic recurrent condition, caused by a person¡Çs inability to tolerate an environmental chemical or a class of exogenous chemicals [23–26]. ¡× ¡ÖIEI, according to the proponents, is a complex gene-environment interaction, whose real cause is not known, for which it is possible—though not always—to identify a triggering event (e.g., sniffing a substance) and a response involving one or more organs or systems. Depending on its characteristics (i.e., the prevalence of somatic or psychological disorders) it can be confused with allergic reactions or psychiatric illness [27, 28]. ¡× ¡ÖHowever, multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) is still the term most widely used to describe the complex syndrome; it presents as a chain of symptoms linked to a wide variety of environmental agents and components, at levels normally tolerated by most people [11].¡× ¡ÖThe wide range of symptoms with which MCS manifests and the difficulties of differentiating them from other pathologies—immunologic, digestive, cardiac, respiratory, psychiatric, neurologic, endocrine, and so forth—make it hard to develop a diagnostic tool that specifically identifies patients with MCS. The 1999 Consensus Document suggests using the Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (EESI) to investigate patients for MCS. The authors subsequently modified this for faster, more widespread use, as the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI). Some investigators have used the questionnaire in its original form but modified or adapted to take account of geographical differences [3, 33–41].¡× ¤³¤ì¤é¤Îʸ¾Ï¤ÏÌ£¤ï¤¤¿¼¤¤¡£ ¡ã¡ãæÀþ¡Ê¤½¤Î£²¡Ë¤ÎÊäÂÀâÌÀ½ª¤ï¤ê¡ä¡ä