[1]
|
Guthrie, R. (1963) A simple phenylaline method for detecting phenylketonuria in large populations of newborn infants. Pediatrics, 32, 338-343.
|
|
[2]
|
United States Public Health Service (1994) Newborn screening. American Family Physician, 50, 354-358.
|
|
[3]
|
Harris, K.B. and Pass, K.A. (2007) Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and the United States. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, 91, 268-277.
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.03.012
|
|
[4]
|
Kurinczuk, J.J., Bower, C., Lewis, B. and Byrne, G. (2007) Congenital hypothyroidism in Western Australia 1981-1998. Journal of Paediatric and Child Health, 38, 187-191. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1754.2002.00812.x
|
|
[5]
|
Corbetta, C., Weber, G., Cortinovis, F., Calebiro, D., Passoni, A., Vigone, M.C., Beck-Peccoz, P., Chiumello, G. and Persani, L. (2009) A 7-year experience with low blood TSH cutoff levels for neonatal screening reveals an unsuspected frequency of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Clinical Endocrinology, 71, 739-745.
|
|
[6]
|
Pearce, M.S., Korada, M., Day, J., Turner, S., Allison, D., Kibirge, M. and Cheetham, T.D. (2010) Increasing incidence, but lack of seasonality, of elevated TSH levels, on newborn screening, in the North of England. Journal of Thyroid Research, 2010, Article ID: 101948.
doi:10.4061/2010/101948
|
|
[7]
|
Mengreli, C., Kanaka-Gantenbein, C., Girginoudis, P., Magiakou, M.A., Christakopoulou, I., Giannoulia-Karantana, A., Chrousos, G.P. and Dacou-Voutetakis, C. (2010) Screening for congenital hypothyroidism; the significance of threshold limit in false-negative results. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 95, 4283-4290.
doi:10.1210/jc.2010-0057
|
|
[8]
|
LaFranchi, S.H. (2011) Increasing incidence of congenital hypothyroidism: Some answers, more questions. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 96, 2395-2397. doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1850
|
|
[9]
|
Hertzberg, V., Mei, J. and Therrell, B.L. (2010) Effect of laboratory practices on the incidence rate of congenital hypothyroidism. Pediatrics, 125, 548-553.
doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1975E
|
|
[10]
|
Waller, D.K., Anderson, J.L., Lorey, F. and Cunningham, G.C. (2000) Risk factors for congenital hypothyroidism: An investigation of infant’s birth weight, ethnicity, and gender in California, 1990-1998. Teratology, 62, 36-41.
doi:10.1002/1096-9926(200007) 62:1<36::AID-TERA8>3.0.CO;2-W
|
|
[11]
|
Oliveri, A., Medda, E., DeAngelis, S., Valensise, H., De-Felice, M., Fazzini, C., Cascino, I., Cordeddu, V., Sorcini, M. and Stazi, M.A. (2007) High risk of congenital hypothyroidism in multiple pregnancies. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 92, 3141-3147.
doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0238
|
|
[12]
|
Buffler, P.A., Kelsh, M.A., Lau, E.C., Edinboro, C.H., Barnard, J.C., Rutherford, G.W., Daaboul, J.J., Palmer, L. and Lorey, F.W. (2006) Thyroid function and perchlorate in drinking water: An evaluation among California newborns, 1998. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 798-804. doi:10.1289/ehp.8176
|
|
[13]
|
Nagayama, J., Kohno, H., Nunisue, T., Kataoka, K., Shimomura, H., Tanabe, S. and Konishi, S. (2007) Concentratins of organichlorine pollutants in mothers who gave birth to neonates with congenital hypothyroidism. Chemosphere, 68, 972-976.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.01.010
|
|
[14]
|
Arey, L.B. (1954) Developmental anatomy. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
|
|
[15]
|
Howdeshell, K. (2002) A model of the development of the brain as a construct of the thyroid system. Environmental Health Perspectives, 110, 337-348.
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s3337
|
|
[16]
|
Van Middlesworth, L. (1956) Radioactivity in thyroid glands following nuclear weapons tests. Science, 123, 982-983. doi:10.1126/science.123.3205.982
|
|
[17]
|
Comar, C.L., Trum, B.F., Kuhn, U.S., Wasserman, R.H., Nold, M.M. and Schooley, J.C. (1957) Thyroid radioactivity after nuclear weapons tests. Science, 126, 16-18.
doi:10.1126/science.126.3262.16
|
|
[18]
|
Beierwaltes, W.H., Cranae, H.R., Wegst, A., Spafford, N.R. and Carr, E.A. (1960) Radioactive iodine concentration in the fetal human thyroid gland from fall-out. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 173, 1895-1902. doi:10.1001/jama.1960.03020350013003
|
|
[19]
|
Beierwaltes, W.H., Hilger, M.T. and Wegst, A. (1963) Radioactive concentrations in fetal human thyroid from fallout. Health Physics, 9, 1263-1266.
doi:10.1097/00004032-196312000-00030
|
|
[20]
|
Gardner, R.J. (1960) An assessment of the quantities of fission products likely to be found in milk in the event of serial contamination of agricultural land. Nature, 186, 1063-1064. doi:10.1038/1861063a0
|
|
[21]
|
Usenko, V., Lepekhin, E., Lyzogubov, V., Kornilovska, I., Ushakova, G. and Witt, M. (1999) The influence of low doses 131I-induced maternal hypothyroidism on the development of rat embryos. Experimental Toxicology and Pathology, 51, 223-227.
doi:10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80100-6
|
|
[22]
|
Connelly, K.J., Boston, B.A., Pearce, E.N., Sesser, D., Snyder, D., Braverman, L.E., Pino, S. and Lafranchi, S.H. (2012) Congeneital hypothyroidism caused by excess prenatal maternal iodine ingestion. Journal of Pediatrics, 161, 760-762. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.05.057
|
|
[23]
|
Cronkite, E.P., Conard, R.A. and Bond, V.P. (1997) Historical events associated with fallout from bravo shot—Operation castle and 25Y of medical findings. Health Physics, 73, 176-186.
doi:10.1097/00004032-199707000-00014
|
|
[24]
|
Cronkite, E.P., Bond, V.P. and Conard, R.A (1995) Medical effects of exposure of human beings to fallout radiation from a thermonuclear explosion. Stem Cells, 13, 49-57.
|
|
[25]
|
Williams, D. (1996) Chernobyl and hypothyroidism. Lancet, 348, 476. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)64570-9
|
|
[26]
|
Goldsmith, J.R., Grossman, C.M., Morton, W.E., Nussbaum, R.H., Kordysh, E.A., Quastel, M.R., Sobel, R.B. and Nussbaum, F.D. (1999) Juvenile hypothyroidism among two populations exposed to radioiodine. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107, 303-308.
doi:10.1289/ehp.99107303
|
|
[27]
|
MacLeod, G. (1982) A role for public health in the nuclear age. American Journal of Public Health, 72, 237-239. doi:10.2105/AJPH.72.3.237
|
|
[28]
|
MacLeod, G.K. (1981) Some public health lessons from three mile island: A case study in chaos. Ambio, 1, 18-23.
|
|
[29]
|
Mangano, J.J. (1996) Chernobyl and hypothyroidism. Lancet, 347, 1482-1483.
doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(96)91716-X
|
|
[30]
|
Tatham, L.M., Bove, F.J., Kaye, W.E. and Spengler, R.F. (2002) Population exposures to I-131 releases from Hanford Nuclear Reservation and preterm birth, infant mortality, and fetal deaths. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 205, 41-48.
doi:10.1078/1438-4639-00128
|
|
[31]
|
Halfrick, D.L., Grinzaid, K.A., Brown, A.L. and Fernhoff, P.M. (1999) Monitoring the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism for 20 years near the Savannah River site. Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia, 88, 38-40.
|
|
[32]
|
Mangano, J.J. (2009) Newborn hypothyroidism near the Indian point nuclear plant.
www.radiation.org/reading/pubs/091125/hypothyroid_indianpoint.pdf
|
|
[33]
|
Tichler, J., Doty, K. and Lucadamo, K. Radioactive materials released from nuclear power plants, annual reports, 1970-1993 annual reports. NUREG/CR-2907. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton.
|
|
[34]
|
National newborn screening and genetics resource center.
http://genes-r-us.uthscsa.edu/newborn_reports
|
|
[35]
|
(2011) Reactor accident Fukushima—New international study on emissions of radioactive substances into the atmosphere. http://www.zamg.at/docs/aktuell/20111021_fukushima_review.pdf
|
|
[36]
|
Meteo France (2011) Accident de la centrale de Fukushima Daiichi: Modelisation de la dispersion des rejets radioactifs dans l’atmosphere a l’echele mondiale—Version du 22 mars 2011.
http://irsn.fr.FR/popup/Pages/irsn-meteo-france_22mars.aspx
|
|
[37]
|
US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Radiation Protection.
http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/erams_query.v2.simple
|
|
[38]
|
Bowyer, T.W., Biegalski S.R., Cooper, M., Eslinger, P.W., Haas, D., Hayes, J.C., Miley, H.S., Strom, D.J. and Woods, V. (2011) Elevated radioxenon detected remotely following the Fukushima nuclear accident. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 102, 681-687.
doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.04.009
|
|
[39]
|
Hernandex-Ceballos, M.A., Hong, G.H., Lozano, R.L., Kim, Y.I., Lee, H.M., Yeh, S-W. and Bolivar, J.P. (2012) Tracking the complete revolution of surface westerlies over the Northern Hemisphere using radionuclides emitted from Fukushima. The Science of the Total Environment, 438, 80-85. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.024
|
|
[40]
|
Manley, S.L. and Lowe C.G. (2012) Canopy-formiing kelps as California’s coastal dosimeter: 131-I from damaged Japanese reactor measured in Macrocystis pyrifera. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 3731-3736.
doi:10.1021/es203598r
|
|
[41]
|
Landis, J.D., Hamm, N.T., Renshaw, C.E., Dade, W.B., Magilligan, F.J. and Gartner, J.D. (2012) Surficial redistribution of fallout 131-Iodine in a small temperate catchment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 13 March 2012, pp. 4064-4069.
|
|
[42]
|
Weatherbee, G.A., Gay, D.A., Debey, T.M., Lehmann, C.M. and Nillas, M.A. (2012) Wet deposition of fission-product isotopes to North America from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Incident, March 2011. Environmental Science and Technology, 46, 2574-2582. doi:10.1021/es203217u
|
|
[43]
|
Hamilton, B.E. and Sutton, P.D. (2011) Recent trends in births and fertility rates through December 2011.
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/births_fertility _december_2011/births_fertility_december_2011.html
|
|
[44]
|
US Census Bureau. 2010 census of the US population.
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/index.html
|
|
[45]
|
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Natality. http://wonder.cdc.gov/natality.html
|
|
[46]
|
US Environmental Protection Agency. Envirofacts.
http://www.epa.gov/envivro/facts/radnet/customized.html
|
|
[47]
|
Stewart, A., Webb, J., Giles, D. and Hewitt, D. (1956) Malignant disease in childhood and diagnostic irradiation in utero. Lancet, 2, 447.
doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(56)91923-7
|
|
[48]
|
Stewart, A., Webb, J. and Hewitt, D. (1958) A survey of childhood malignancies. British Medical Journal, 1, 1495-1508. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5086.1495
|
|
[49]
|
US Department of Health and Human Services (1997) Estimated exposure and thyroid doses following Nevada atmospheric nuclear bomb tests. NIH Pub. No. 97-4264, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda.
|
|
[50]
|
National Research Council, Committee on Thyroid Screening (1999) Exposure of the American people to iodine-131 from the Nevada bomb tests. National Academy Press, Washington DC.
|
|
[51]
|
Alvarez, R. (2000) The risks of making nuclear weapons: A review of the health and mortality experience of US department of energy workers. The Government Accountability Project, Washington DC.
|
|
[52]
|
National Research Council (2005) Committee on the biological effects of ionizing Radiation. Health effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR VII. National Academy Press, Washington DC.
|
|