How journalism faces the innovator’s dilemma

Carnival of Journalism is a monthly event when a group of us share our posts on a common topic to bring discussion to the goings on in our trade. It’s also a great place to exchange ideas with smart people. Comments welcome!

The prompt this month, simply is “What is the next big thing in journalism?” I’ve been really excited about writing this post, and I’m glad the moderator, Steve Outing, posted early — because he explained a lot of the things I wanted to say with much more clarity than I likely would have offered!

When I first looked into SoMoLo, the only information I could find was about uses for marketing. This was bothersome, because I felt SoMoLo had some obvious applications to news, but I couldn’t put my finger on how this would play out. Steve explains how the growing number of social networks or aggregators of social postings that log geolocation can provide both reliable sources and notification of an emerging news story to journalists. Ideally, a news org might have one person devoted to scouring these sources and watching for stories about to unfold.

But why are news orgs content to just aggregate from all these other networks? Even the latest Knight News Challenge seeks *not* to create a network for news, but to find ways to utilize existing networks.

“There are a lot of vibrant networks and platforms, on- and off-line, that can be used to connect us with the news and information we need to make decisions about our lives. This challenge will not fund new networks.”

But news is a BIG DEAL. A huge percentage of the activity on Twitter and Facebook are links to articles, and more and more, people are posting and reporting news on those networks. What I see here is a hunger and a market for a social network specifically designed for news.

Some concerns brought to me include the issue with apps like Meporter, where reporting news is its sold function  – there is no reason to download the app otherwise, so if a person does encounter news, it is too late. Rawporter is similar, and aims to actually sell the content — but I imagine an image like the one of the Hudson River is one in a million, and this cannot be a sustainable business model.

But stubbornly, I think this can be done well must be done. Why hasn’t it happened yet? Look no further than the Innovator’s Dilemma (a wonderful concept, also a book by Clayton Christensen) to understand why.

It says that existing companies will innovate with sustaining technologies, improving the way things are done. Existing companies will ignore disruptive technologies, because they require a loss in the near-term.

I see the existing news orgs of today embracing new technology, but only looking to implement it into the way things are already done. And I get that switching up the way a newsroom functions is quite the hurdle. Even Steve — who runs the reputable Test Kitchen, a place specifically designed to identify useful emerging technologies — wants journalists to be able to “assign” or request info or media from citizens at a news event, which I think is the old way of thinking. It falsely tries to fit the disruptive technology into the old format.

If you were at the ONA conference in Boston this past fall, you likely saw the keynote of Ben Huh of LOLcats and other UGC-type sites. His point that stood out to me the most was when he said that users won’t take the time to upload free content to your site unless it’s for their own enjoyment. I see news sites (Patch is one, there are others) ask readers to upload their own pictures to add to a story. I’m sorry, but nobody gets a kick out of providing free content that your site clearly uses for ad revenue. How is LOLcats different? It’s about the people.

The innovator’s dilemma says that disruptive technologies are initially a loss (and that is why existing companies ignore them) but eventually they satisfy the market with lower costs and these existing companies are left far behind.

In news, it’s not so much lower cost as it is faster and easier content that the market will choose. This is why news orgs lost to technology companies with digital ad revenue — they kept thinking, digital dimes to print dollars, and were slow to adapt the content itself. Mobile tools may not look productive or lucrative now, but for the reasons Steve laid out, it is much to important to ignore. As explained by the Innovator’s Dilemma:

“Large companies have certain barriers to innovation which make it difficult to invest in disruptive technologies early on. Being industry veterans means that they have set ways in approaching new technologies.  Baggage from precedents … “

These norms include assuming journalists need to be involved to request certain images. Also – news judgement – something for which we’ve relied on journalists. Mark Zuckerberg once said something to the point of “People care more about the squirrel dying in their front yard than people dying in Africa.” News is about to be very customized, very fast — and it has a lot to do with SoMoLo.

News will be reported, person to person — with photos and videos from a smartphone that will never make it to any news site. The incentive is simply to help your neighbor — look no further than to the news reported on Facebook and Twitter to see that this is an existing incentive. News will be distributed by relevance, either through social ties or location.

Think of a fender bender that doesn’t harm anyone but plugs up a busy street for half an hour. It doesn’t matter to people half a mile away, and it won’t matter to me later tonight, but if I’m stuck in traffic because of it, maybe I want to know. Why can’t I pull out my phone and see the picture uploaded by the guy five cars ahead of me?

Imagine with me, because I think that something like this is coming. And for existing news orgs, is there a way around the Innovator’s Dilemma?

“With a few exceptions, the only instances in which mainstream firms have successfully established a timely position in a disruptive technology were those in which the firms’ managers set up an autonomous organization charged with building a new and independent business around the disruptive technology.”

 

22. February 2012 by admin
Categories: Commentary, Journalism | 3 comments

How to make Egyptian sugar for hair removal

I’ve been asked about this a few times and there really isn’t a solid post on it online, anywhere, that I’ve found. I discovered sugaring at a few spas in San Diego and Orange County, and one practitioner on the outskirts of Chicago, and they all were certified through Alexandria, which also sells the sugar, but only to people who are certified through their program. (Update: I just found sugar sold through Etsy – if you don’t want to cook it yourself, here it is for $30.)

The good news is, it is just a mix of sugar, lemon juice and water, and easy to make if you have a candy thermometer.

Here’s a list of reasons sugaring is different/better than waxing but from personal experience I will say, it hurts much, much less, the hair grows back thinner and slower and your skin is not red afterward (this is because wax pulls off a layer of skin cells, sugaring only attaches to the hair). Also, as my esthetician noted, if you use sugar on your face, it will remove blackheads and clogged pores much like a pore strip. Best of all, it is completely water soluble, so you won’t make a mess.

How to make sugar:

  1. 2 cups plain white granulated sugar
  2. 1/4 cup water
  3. 1/4 cup lemon juice (just use the stuff from a bottle, you don’t want pulp, etc. in here)

Put all of this into a fairly large pot and cook on high. Keep the tip of the candy thermometer in the mix. If it starts to bubble excessively, lift it off the heat for a moment. You should stir fairly often. The heat should get up to at least 260 degrees F. Then, take the mixture off the heat and let it cool for about 20 minutes, before you pour it into whatever container you’d like to use. I would recommend a sturdy Tupperware as you’ll likely microwave it several times, each time you use it.

Warnings: If you don’t cook the sugar long enough, it will just be a soft honey mixture and will not work because it will not pull off in one piece. If you cook it too long, when it cools it will just be really hard — you can warm it in the microwave, but as you are working it may get too hard to work with. Getting the right temperature is tricky but it’s worth a few batches because the ingredients are so cheap.

How to use sugar:

  • First, make sure the sugar is pliable. This really depends on the weather, and also, how long you cooked it. You should be able to shape it in your hand.
  • If you want, you can wear gloves — personally, gloves make it more difficult.
  • You will spread the sugar onto your skin *opposite* the direction of hair growth, so, spread it up your leg. You can cover about the same area you would cover with a wax strip. Use your fingers to spread the sugar three times, and use a bit of pressure, so you’re really dragging the hair in the opposite direction.
  • Then, flick up the top of the piece of sugar, and tug that down in the *same* direction of hair growth. It will probably take a few tugs to get the whole piece off, but each time, re-flatten the sugar down onto your skin.
  • Then, re-form the sugar into a ball and use it to pick up any stray bits of sugar left on your skin.
  • Now, use the same piece of sugar on the next area.

You will want to grab a new piece of sugar a few times if you are doing large areas. Also, if your body heats up or it is a hot day, the sugar might get too warm and refuse to come off in one clean piece. There are two ways to deal with this — you can mix the stubborn sugar with some fresh, cooler sugar, or, you can just wipe off the sugar with a warm washcloth. If it’s a hot day you might just want to sit in front of a fan, because it can be really frustrating if the sugar won’t pull off.

The more you do this, the better you’ll get at it. There’s definitely technique to how you spread on and pull off the sugar. You will also get a better idea of what temperature the sugar needs to be — sometimes it’s nice to have it warm so it spreads on easy, but too warm and it won’t work.

If you want to try out sugaring before doing it yourself, I can recommend these places:

14. February 2012 by admin
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Lectio Divina Yoga

When it was a bit warmer outside, I did morning yoga with my friend Amber in the park. Here is the live audio from one of our sessions.

I’ve thought about uploading these regularly, so if you like it, please let me know!

10. February 2012 by admin
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Can a good journalist be a good capitalist? Yes.

Carnival of Journalism is a monthly event when a group of us share our posts on a common topic to bring discussion to the goings on in our trade. It’s also a great place to exchange ideas with smart people! Comments welcome.

I’m excited to contribute to this month’s carnival, because I’ve blogged about this topic before. As personal background, I worked in marketing before I went for my master’s in journalism and can relate to vocation driven by the bottom line, perhaps more than the average journalist.

Now, I work with a technology startup (innovating in the news space) which is key to my argument here. As noted, “ there is an instinctive aversion to the idea of making money amongst most  journalists.” Even when I worked at a luxury lifestyle magazine (in Orange County, no less) it seemed assumed that I should be content with perks and an opportunity to write, and never expect to make much in terms of salary.

These varied experiences have given me a bit of insight into why news startups aren’t raking in cash. They don’t want to. They want to break even. They want a working business model. They want to run a lifestyle business.

The difference between a lifestyle business and a venture capital funded company is that a company funded by VCs expects to bring a 10x return to its investors within a couple years. Startup founders are taking a risk in hopes of getting rich, but for the most part, they’re not greedy — they’re creative. They want to build something totally new, that makes people’s lives better — in many cases, gives back to society. But, despite this, their work and innovation is driven by the bottom line. They don’t just have to make enough money to cover expenses, they need to turn every dollar spent into $10.

Journalists don’t have this drive. They’re creative in problem solving, in words, in many areas. Some journalists do make it big, becoming authors of bestselling books, or moving into media consulting. My hope is that entrepreneurial journalism draws a crowd of new-generation journalists who desire to create, to give back, but also ready to make bank (and not be apologetic about it).

Diamonds are created by pressure (a popular analogy). I think great innovation needs the kind of pressure that comes only from something powerful like cash flow. It’s one of those things, like religion and politics, that we’re not supposed to talk about at cocktail parties. It hits us deep in our psyche.

Saying that journalists need to nurse a greater desire for financial gain seems a weird argument. But at the end of the day, I think the despair in our industry is not because our business model broke, but because we weren’t innovating our product. But more on that later.

27. January 2012 by admin
Categories: Journalism | Tags: , , , | 1 comment

What happens when my credit card number changes

Recently, I got a new credit card from Citicard with a new number. Consequently, any regular payments set up on my credit card were denied, because the old number no longer works. How has this affected me?

Well, it was easy to put the new number into Amazon.com, so I can still buy books with one click and find them on my doorstep two days later. My Rdio account was suspended for a few days, but it comes out of Amazon payments, so I fixed that.

The worst? I donate to three places: a local ministry, an international ministry and a church. All through different non-profit Christian organizations. All three were about as seamless as a seam ripper (not a real analogy, but …).

The first organization emailed the individual at the receiving end of my donation because, for some reason, the organization that has my credit card didn’t have a phone number OR email address for me. I could sign into their website … but not re-enter a new credit card number. I had to personally call the organization’s employee and read my number to her over the phone (after a bit of phone tag). Hassle.

The second organization never contacted me. Luckily, I keep in contact with the individuals on the receiving end of this scenario, who mentioned in passing that my donation hadn’t gone through. It’s difficult enough to fundraise; most people in ministry should not be responsible for chasing banking details halfway across the world. Additionally, once I did fix the credit card number, there was no option to reprocess the payment that failed, which matters little to me but potentially throws of someone’s carefully planned budget, needlessly.

The third organization did nothing. It just quit auto-emailing “thank yous.” When I signed in to my account, I couldn’t change my credit card number. I could only cancel the payment and create a new payment.

Some of this may not seem like a big deal. I admit much of my frustration is because I work with user experience in my job. With all the care we put into making an experience carry little hurdles for someone downloading a *free* iPhone app, you would think that we could make donating to good causes easy.

The path of least resistance should be the one leading to a fulfilled donation to a good cause. Also, there should be a streamlined process. Why are all major non-profit organizations using different technology to process payments? Why don’t they all use PayPal? Is the fee too high?

This is a HUGE opportunity for a company to create something like PayPal, but specifically for non-profit organizations. Someone like me could log in and manage my charitable giving in one place. Each organization could customize their settings to send out additional campaigns, thank you letters, and such. It would be a communication platform on top of a donation platform. And, it could either be a vertical inside of PayPal, Dwolla or Square, or, it could be a startup on its own.

Make this for me.

And don’t get me started on how difficult it was for me to cancel a $30/month donation to World Vision after about six years of giving.

29. November 2011 by admin
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Danielle vs. The Machine

One of the basics of business journalism is the quarterly earnings story. Every business journalist can write one of these. It’s formulaic. You get accustomed to using certain words when the company’s stock price increased, and different words when it increased drastically, and so on.

When I was a student at Medill, I covered Kellogg for Medill News Service and wrote this quarterly earnings story in winter 2010.

I later took a class called Journalism and Technology. We created data visualizations related to the census. But, an earlier term of that class did a project that later became a company called Narrative Science. A few of my classmates now work there.

They started with sports stories and created a system where you could plug in the game stats from a sporting event and it would create a story. Based on writers digging through the formulaic way they write and applying it to a software system. Now, they’ve expanded to business stories, and yes — Narrative Science gets a byline.

How does my quarterly earnings story compare to this one, penned by the machine (sort of)?

 

08. November 2011 by admin
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Donald Miller Comes to Flood Church

I don’t know what makes me happier — that I sat in the front row at church to hear Donald Miller speak, or that I have a group of friends who *all* wanted to sit up front to hear Donald Miller.

I have awesome friends.

Donald Miller at Flood Church by Danielle Fankhauser

I don’t know how great the iPhone recording will sound, but once he started talking I decided I couldn’t write fast enough to get all the good stuff down, so like a good journalist I pulled out my recording device. You’re welcome.

07. November 2011 by admin
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A letter to Foursquare’s product team

I had an idea this morning, and I’m fairly certain it is brilliant. I should preface by saying that I want to meet people. I am (skeptically) reading a book about dating and joined a gym this morning, but I spent last night (Friday) watching Community at a local coffee shop because I don’t have WiFi in my apartment (this week’s ep was fantastic indeed!).

But this isn’t really about dating. It’s about living in a wonderful city with lots of fun things to do, being too busy to do them all and when you are free, not able to find a person to enjoy things with. As much as I love art walks and film festivals, it’s at least ten times more fun to attend with someone.

I thought to myself, why isn’t there a social network that allows you to create a calendar of things you’d like to do, by putting specific places or events onto specific dates, and other people could search the calendar and find a buddy to join them on the excursion? I would want a basic profile, including a picture, some hobbies, what neighborhood I live in, my favorite things — just enough information to give a stranger a glimpse of who I am.

Should this be an app for an existing network, like Facebook or Foursquare, or be its own thing?

Thing is, on Foursquare, you can already make a to-do list. And when I think back to when I first tried Foursquare — a year and a half ago (early adopter!) — I was under the impression that the concept was, I check in to a place, and my friend Wanda who lives in town will say, hey, Danielle’s at The Linkery, I could go for a burger — I’ll go meet up! Thing is, Wanda can’t meet up for a burger if she’s in the middle of a run. Hanging out is time sensitive. We need to plan ahead.

So, perhaps I could plan my weekend on Thursday, make a list of all the things I sort of want to do. I might not get to all of them, but maybe a friend I haven’t talked to in awhile was hoping to hit the same farmer’s market. We’re friends on Foursquare, she can see my calendar, and shoot over a message. Or, just + my to-do to her to-do list.

But these excursions should be public. Someone new to town could pull up a calendar and see what is going on this weekend. Even switch to map view for a specific day to see what is going on nearby. Today, it would have been nice to know that St. Patricks is having a festival two blocks from my house ahead of time, rather than discovering it when driving by on my way somewhere else.

Any location you can check in, you can add to a to-do list, on a specific date, and write a short summery on what is going on there. You’d select the location — Gaslamp Theaters — but note that it is film festival weekend and the flick you’d like to see is at 3 p.m. Or, put Julian on your list for all day Saturday, because you want to drive up and get some apple pie, go for a hike and walk around town. Brunch. I don’t have enough brunch in my life — what if a whole group of people met for brunch?! Ah, the possibilities.

I believe there is not enough of “meeting people with similar interests” that happens. This isn’t just about dating, but it could be. If you want to meet someone, they tell you, go do things you like and meet someone who likes the same things (Must Love Dogs, anyone?). So then you date the only interesting guy at the gym, because you like to be active, it doesn’t work out, so you do what … join a different gym?

Execution is key. A network like Foursquare already built a reputable platform where you can hide the location of your house for privacy and safety concerns. People aren’t suddenly going to start seeing it as a meat market to find hookups just because you can can post a place you’d like to go on a date and find someone who’d like to join. It’s activity-based, not person-based. And for every person who does get a good date out of it, 20 more could just find friends in a new town! Just think of all the people in my town who have DVR and might have let me come over to watch Community — could have saved me a $3 hot chocolate!

I don’t know; maybe Foursquare already has this in their future (I hope so!). Perhaps they’ve already ruled it out as not the direction they want to go. Maybe I’m just terrible at meeting people and would like to take the nerdy route and make an app for it.

So that’s my pitch — I think it’s solid! If you’d like to know more, or contract me to help develop this concept, Foursquare, please find me at @danifankhauser. Thanks.

15. October 2011 by admin
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People want news that matters

The brussel sprouts vs. cookies argument is one of the first I remember in respect to “future of journalism” conversations. In fact, I would say that in J-school, I did not study journalism, but instead, I studied the changing face of journalism. We never talked about what journalism is, we talked about what it once was and what it is becoming. Maybe academic study has always been this way — I don’t know.

Brussel sprouts and cookies notes that, with declining numbers, some publications ramped up celebrity coverage to keep up circulation. And some people see this as a slippery slope, where reported news just goes further and further to shit.

Meanwhile, this happens: The web allows anyone to create a blog and publish easily and for free. Now a person can get science news from a scientist who likes to write, rather than a writer who likes science. (Jonathan Stray calls out science blogging here).

Thing is, solid, civic, hard, brussel sprouts-flavored news will exist somewhere. Maybe aggregating tweets from local political pundits is better than writing three paragraphs in your own words. Maybe this is even cheaper for a newsroom and an easier task for an employee, and a better experience for the audience.

My point is that we shouldn’t have a cookies vs. brussel sprouts argument. The change we are seeing is in tools and distribution.

Edward Wasserman pointed out that digital tools (which are also companies that need profit of their own) come with strings attached. I wholeheartedly agree with this point. But I don’t think it’s a zero-sum game. Just because Facebook makes money off WaPo’s content doesn’t mean WaPo can’t also make money off that content.

Bringing me to another point: Nobody ever bought content. Once, 25 cents bought distribution of a newspaper. And advertisers bought an audience.

From Wasserman’s blog: “What’s under way is a deliberate marketing campaign to deputize the rising generation of journalists as auxiliary recruiters for an industry of [social media] giants whose business requires assembling vast populations for advertising targeted by age, location, interest, taste, preference, alignment …” (Brackets mine).

Couldn’t this have been said about print journalism, and about broadcast journalism?

A friend of mine called fashion magazines a marketing ploy. Haven’t journalists always been part of a marketing ploy? The difference is that before, it was Tribune Company’s marketing ploy, and the ad sales revenue supported editorial. Now, Google’s ad sales do not stream back to the content creator (unless you’re Jeff Jarvis and run Google ads on your blog).

For me, the answer is entrepreneurial journalism. A smaller machine can swerve more easily, and can utilize and then drop these new tools faster (in the case the tools begin using us). The second answer is verticals rather than a single general appeal publication. Advertisers are looking for a specialized audience.

My dream is that every newspaper would reinvent itself as a blog collective, each with its own lead product manager, programmers and editorial staff. Ads could be sold across the network. Additional revenue could come from events, ebooks or even better ideas that I know we will see soon.

People want the news that matters to them, and they want community. Content enables both of these things. Long live content — let’s just play with the packaging.

11. October 2011 by admin
Categories: Journalism | 1 comment

The future of online news video

My entry into this month’s Carnival of Journalism:

First, I’m rather offended that the title of this carnival limits to online video because I think mobile news video is a much bigger trend. I’m going to refer to both, and call it digital video here.

In the golden age of TV, video was a novelty. It took top technology and equipment to get a video device to a news scene and put that footage on air. Now, each news story likely has an average of 20 vantage points — people with smartphones taking low-quality, amateur videos. Three of the 20 short videos might include a decent clip. Each person can post to YouTube or Facebook, to their own networks and contacts. Tracking and harnessing this content is an area of opportunity.

The new model will have journalist as producer, weaving the best together into a cohesive news-telling experience. Almost like a Storify for audio and video editing, with a drag and drop interface allowing one to quickly piece scenes next to each other.

So, value will be on speed and vantage point rather than quality. Video online and on mobile will see a rising demand because there is a need for the to-the-minute news of digital with the second-tier attention level of video (listen and watch while cooking, eating, driving, etc.)

But at the same time we will see a rise in documentary-style news video online. Ten minutes instead of three, and shot by a professional with a nice camera, resulting in beautiful videography. I’ll link here to a great one by Grant at KPCC on pogo (which is actually only three minutes). This will seem a luxury next to quick video news updates and bolster in-depth storytelling that we love.

Ads or better, sponsorships, will be the business model. I’ve heard many a news dinosaur scoff at the idea of putting ads on a graphic video of riots in Egypt — look, people fighting … Eat Kraft Macaroni & Cheese! Not an ideal brand impression.

I vote we find a connection between the rise in corporate charitability campaigns and news video. Sponsorships work well online and are not zingy like 30-second commercials spots. Brands still need an audience and I think we can find a tasteful way for them to continue working in conjunction with news publishing.

I appreciate comments — let’s grow this conversation and innovate away!

 

30. September 2011 by admin
Categories: Commentary, Journalism | 4 comments

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