崎山伸夫のBlog

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????EU???????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????12??????? "Rights of the child" ?????????????????????????PDF??????(??????????????????????????????????????????????????183???1(U.S.)???0(????????)????????????????????????????????????????????????????176???1(U.S.)???0(????)??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

Elimination of violence against children

57. Urges all States:

(a) To take effective and appropriate legislative and other measures or, where they exist, strengthen legislation to prohibit and eliminate all forms of violence against children;

Rights of Children: United Nations General Assembly ARES/62/141/

???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(4)????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????

Prevention and eradication of the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography

38. Calls upon all States:

(a) To criminalize and penalize effectively all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children, including all acts of paedophilia, including within the family or for commercial purposes, child pornography and child prostitution, child sex tourism, trafficking in children, the sale of children and the use of the Internet and other information and communications technologies for these purposes, and to take effective measures against the criminalization of children who are victims of exploitation;

(f) To combat the existence of a market that encourages such criminal practices against children, including through the adoption, effective application and enforcement of preventive, rehabilitative and punitive measures targeting customers or individuals who sexually exploit or sexually abuse children, as well as by ensuring public awareness;

(g) To give priority to the identification of norms and standards on the responsibilities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises, particularly those involved in information and communications technologies, related to respect for the rights of children, including the right to be protected from sexual abuse and exploitation, particularly in the virtual realm, as prohibited by the relevant legal instruments, and to outline basic measures to be taken for implementation;

Rights of Children: United Nations General Assembly ARES/62/141/

????????????????????????????????????"child pornography"???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(g)???"virtual realm"??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????child grooming?????????????????????????????????????????????84(f)?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2006?????????A/RES/61/146??????????????????????????????????????????????(g)??????????????????????????????????????2006????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Promotion and protection of the rights of children (A/62/209)?????????????????????2005?????????2006?????????????The United Nations Secretary General’s Study on Violence against Children??????????????????????2006???????????????????????

????????Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro?????????????????????????????UNICEF????????????????????????????????NGO???????????????????????????ECPAT???????????????NGO????????????????ECPAT/??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????World Report on Violence against Children??????????????????????????????

?????????????????????????????????????????????Public Submission??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2005?6?14???16??????????????????????????????????11??12?????????????????Violence against Children in Cyberspace????ECPAT International??????????????????????ECPAT????????????????ECPAT????????????????

??????????45???????????????????Violence against Children in the Cyberspace and Online Environment ????????????????Dr. Ethel Quale ?????????

Dr. Quayle’s presentation focused on sexual violence against children in and via virtual settings, with particular reference to depictions of child sexual abuse (child pornography). She noted that the criminal justice system’s general response has been to focus on the offender rather than the victim. Meanwhile, agreement is lacking within and between communities on definitions, laws and perceptions of what is appropriate, such as when children are sexualised within mainstream media or where abuse images remain legal, as in the case of some manga products in Japan.

Report on The East Asia and Pacific Regional Consultation on Violence Against Children

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The group noted that child pornography includes the recorded abuse of a real child, for example, through photographs, as well as digitally altered images and illustrations such as Japanese manga.

Report on The East Asia and Pacific Regional Consultation on Violence Against Children

?????????????????????????????????????????18???????????????????ECPAT/?????????????????????????????????????????????ECPAT????????????????????????????????ECPAT??????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????ECPAT/??????????????????????????????????????????18??????????????????ECPAT???????????????????Concept Paper?Key Issues?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Public Submission?????????

?????ECPAT??????????????????????????????????????32????????????????

In some countries, material known as ‘virtual pornography’ is legal and big business. In Japan, for example, a report analysing developments in the country’s computer contents market (including software and publications such as comics) gives an indication of the business value of child abuse illustrations and cartoons in some anime or manga materials. The analysis estimates the market for moe products (books, images and games), which are related to anime and manga, was worth 88.8 billion yen (US$800 million) in 2003. The term moe is used in a neutral sense for economic analysis. But taken literally it refers to a fetishist sexual attraction that some fans of computer games, anime and manga have for female child characters, who may be depicted in pornographic and erotic contexts within games, animations and illustrations. Moe web pages sometimes link to other pages containing images, stories and chats in which very young characters are the objects of sexual violence, abuse and fantasy. A proportion of the moe market may therefore be regarded as related to child sex abuse images. The report expected the market for moe products to expand.

Violence against Children in Cyberspace

??????????????????????????? ????????2005?4?1??????????????????????????????????????2003????????????????????888???????????????????ECPAT????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????Violence Against Children East Asia and the Pacific???????????????????????????????4??ECPAT??????????????????????????4?????20????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????ECPAT/??????????????????????????NGO?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????