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Scientists Claim New State of Matter

LiveScience
LiveScience
posted: 1 DAY 7 HOURS AGO
comments: 447
filed under: Science News
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LiveScience.com
(July 29) -- Scientists claim to have created a form of aluminum that's nearly transparent to extreme ultraviolet radiation and which is a new state of matter.
It's an idea straight out of science fiction, featured in the movie "Star Trek IV."
The work is detailed in the journal Nature Physics.
The normal states of matter are solid, liquid and gas, and a fourth state, called plasma, is a superheated gas considered more exotic. Other experiments have created strange states of matter for brief periods. This one, too, existed only briefly.
To create the new, even more exotic stuff, a short pulse from a laser "knocked out" a core electron from every aluminum atom in a sample without disrupting the metal’s crystalline structure, the researchers explain.
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''What we have created is a completely new state of matter nobody has seen before," said professor Justin Wark of Oxford University’s Department of Physics.
"Transparent aluminum is just the start," Wark said. "The physical properties of the matter we are creating are relevant to the conditions inside large planets, and we also hope that by studying it we can gain a greater understanding of what is going on during the creation of 'miniature stars' created by high-power laser implosions, which may one day allow the power of nuclear fusion to be harnessed here on Earth."
Fusion is a dream of scientists who would create cheap and plentiful power by fusing atoms together, as opposed to nuclear fission that generates electricity today.
The discovery was made possible with a high-powered synchrotron radiation generator called the FLASH laser, based in Hamburg, Germany. It produces extremely brief pulses of soft X-ray light, each of which is more powerful than the output of a power plant that provides electricity to a whole city.
The Oxford team, along with their international colleagues, focused all this power down into a spot with a diameter less than a twentieth of the width of a human hair. At such high intensities the aluminum turned transparent.
While the invisible effect lasted for only an extremely brief period – an estimated 40 femtoseconds – it demonstrates that such an exotic state of matter can be created using very high power X-ray sources.
"What is particularly remarkable about our experiment is that we have turned ordinary aluminum into this exotic new material in a single step by using this very powerful laser," Wark said. "For a brief period the sample looks and behaves in every way like a new form of matter. In certain respects, the way it reacts is as though we had changed every aluminum atom into silicon: it’s almost as surprising as finding that you can turn lead into gold with light."
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2009-07-30 10:27:13
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Sixeyess4dinner

06:48 AMJul 31 2009

Job60 10:30 PMJul 31 2009 If you want to see aluminum become transparent, Take you heli arc welder put it on revere polarity at about 800 amps turn the gas off and strike the electrode on a piece of 0.60 aluminum sheet stock.....""@@@@@@ Please share your experience of "Overhead welding, a nudist perspective"........

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Sixeyess4dinner

05:06 AMJul 31 2009

areyouok715 05:01 AMJul 31 2009 Is it wrong for a man like him to have sugar baby?? ....""@@@@@ In the past, the purchase of a heavy duty garden hose brought about a tradeoff. While you were purchasing a product whose exterior was built to last, it often came with a price. Heavy duty garden hose options were primarily bulky and weighed much more than other varieties. If you wanted a heavy duty garden hose to last throughout many cold winters, rainy springs and blistering hot summers, it was probably a burden to carry. Purchasing a heavy duty garden hose usually meant heavy duty weight, which made more than one muscle sore after a day in the yard............

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areyouok715

05:01 AMJul 31 2009

Is it wrong for a man like him to have sugar baby?? you know it is an absolutely extramarital relationship, but more and more services c ome out on Internet focusing on this kind of relationship..like !!!.----SugarsCupid. C O M----what will the world be??

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Sixeyess4dinner

03:57 AMJul 31 2009

Magic1808 03:47 AMJul 31 2009 There is no such thing as disappearing...when in fact it has just changed into something else. There is no free space in the Universe...""@@@@@ To prevent premature cracking, hose should never be kinked or bent sharply either in use or in storage. Hose should be stored in season by coiling it on a wide bracket, hose hanger or reel, never by hanging it on a sharp nail or hook.

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Magic1808

03:47 AMJul 31 2009

There is no such thing as disappearing...when in fact it has just changed into something else. There is no free space in the Universe, all of it is filled, yet not all of it is seen by man, in his limited visual spectrum. What you saw as transparent alluminum, was manifested into the man's visual spectrum, then changed again into something outside of man's visible spectrum. It did not "disappear," it evolved into something of a finer quality, unseen by man. Alchemy 101.

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Sixeyess4dinner

03:37 AMJul 31 2009

Rubber hose reinforced with tire cord fiber, generally nylon or polyester, and other additives has good resistance to weathering, cracking and ozone deterioration. A top quality hose can be shut off at the nozzle without bursting. Promotional lines have less reinforcement material

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Sixeyess4dinner

01:36 AMJul 31 2009

Low-priced, promotional hoses, usually 1/2" diameter, deliver 9 gal. per minute (gpm), and higher quality hoses with 5/8" diameter deliver 17 gpm. A 3/4" hose delivers 23 gpm, almost three times what a 1/2" hose delivers. The larger the inside diameter of the hose, the less pressure loss over any distance. If the pressure is low (under 40 psi), the hose is running uphill, or is extra long, then the largest size hose available should be used to minimize pressure loss in the hose line.

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areyouok715

11:06 PMJul 31 2009

Is it wrong for a man l to have sugar baby?? you know it is an absolutely extramarital relationship, but more and more services c ome out on Internet focusing on this kind of relationship..like !!!.----SugarsCupid. C O M----what will the world be??

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Bansheemarc

10:59 PMJul 31 2009

Job60 10:30 PMJul 31 2009 If you want to see aluminum become transparent, Take you heli arc welder put it on revere polarity at about 800 amps turn the gas off and strike the electrode on a piece of 0.60 aluminum sheet stock..But you have to be quick because it's only transparent for a fraction of a second ....Then it's just gone...._______if you want to do it underwater you would triple dip your electrode in beeswax, use DC reverse polarity (AC and water no feel good) and make sure not to position your body between the electrode and your ground (which is sometimes lazily just the hull of the boat..but not good for boat)because you will get lit up. the sound of electricity underwater is errie.

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Job60

10:33 PMJul 31 2009

Yea I must have dozed off...That is all I remember from the dream I was having...

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In a breakthrough that appears to come straight from a \'Star Trek\' movie, scientists say they\'ve created a new state of matter -- aluminum that\'s nearly transparent to extreme ultraviolet radiation. Transparent aluminum is just the start, says one of the scientists.