Historical Security Council (1993)

Historical Security Council (1999)

Security Council

UN Children’s Fund Executive Board

Honorable Mention
Serbia from International School of Panama
Malaysia from Liceo Classico Mario Cutelli
Guatemala from NYC Lab School
Ethiopia from Herricks High School

We would like to thank each and every one of those on this year's Press Corps, UNA-USA MUN's first year blogging! These delegates worked hard, running around the Hyatt and UN Headquarters reporting on the happenings of the conference.

This year's Press Corps included the following students:

• Daniel Atlas, Queens High School for the Sciences
• Elizabeth Berridge, Eleanor Roosevelt High School.
• Hinna Chaudhary, Al-Iman School
• Suneela Chaudhary, Al-Iman School
• Harman Chopra, Queens High School for the Sciences
• Yari Garcia, Mott Hall High School
• Charlie Gormly, York Prep
• Mariel Hernandez, Eleanor Roosevelt High School
• Caroline Horizny, Somers High School
• Kellie Kilcup, Somers High School
• Helen Peng, East-West School of International Studies
• Suzy Xu, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

Enjoy the Blog!

Amanda Theodoropoulos, Sammy Liu & Jeff Sawyer

This article a guest post by Ryan Villanueva, the founder of our partner blog BestDelegate.com. Visit BestDelegate.com for MUN tips and strategies, and the latest news about the Model UN community.

How to Combine Resolutions in Thirty Minutes or Less
It’s coming down to the wire. The unmoderated caucus is complete chaos as delegates scramble to combine their resolutions. The chair is banging the gavel frantically, demanding drafts within the hour so that the committee has time to vote before closing ceremonies. You’re standing between two caucus blocs with two competing resolutions in hand, surrounded by delegates screaming suggestions at you on what operative clauses to cut and what to add, all of them telling you what to do. What do you do?

This is a common situation at many MUN conferences and they almost always end badly. But here’s a couple tips to help you through the best of a bad situation.

1. First, realize that the resolution will not be ideal. If you’re under pressure to finish a resolution, you won’t have time to iron out all the details. You have to work with what you have and just get something finished. You also need to manage other delegates’ expectations accordingly. The final document might not make everyone happy, but they can be satisfied with the result by realizing that it is a compromise between everyone’s ideas.

2. Take 5 minutes to figure out a structure to the new resolution. Your topic can be broken down into various issues and a given operative clause most likely addresses one issue. When combining resolutions, you can group together the operative clauses that address the same issue. This makes it easier to see what clauses are similar and can be combined, or what clauses have irreconcilable differences and can be deleted. (Go to BestDelegate.com and read my various posts on “Framing”) At the same time, assign one person the task of separately combining perambulatory clauses.

3. Now that you have a new resolution structure, take 10 minutes to go through each operative clause in the two (or more) resolutions and assign them to various sections of the new resolution. Now you have a complete draft that everyone can discuss.

4. With the new draft in hand and everyone around you, take 15 minutes to read through the clauses in front of everyone. Quickly read through the shorter and least controversial clauses and focus more time on the bigger and more controversial ones. And by focus more time, I mean whittling down troublesome clauses into language that everyone can agree on. This is no longer the time to come up with new ideas; you just need to get it done. This will undoubtedly weaken certain ideas, but that is the nature of compromise and the ever present dilemma of the United Nations.

5. Take 5 more minutes to make minor changes, correct grammar, and make sure people understand the gist of the new draft. Then submit your resolution to the chair!

I hope that these tips helps, but the biggest determinant of success behind combining resolutions is whether the two resolutions are truly similar and if the blocs can work together. If there are too many controversial ideas and irreconcilable differences, then the two resolutions should not be combined in the first place.

Good luck!

Helen Peng (East-West School of International Studies) interviews the Chronicle Blog's Editor-in-Chief, Amanda Theodoropoulos

Hidden door to the Crisis Room

A secret door at the back of the room reveals the untold truths as to where the Security Council debates are headed. With our strong connections through the press corps we made the impossible, possible, by sneaking through the secret doorway and getting an interview session with some of the member of the Crisis Staff to learn about what their role is in Model UN… and more. Unfortunately their names cannot be revealed due to the privacy of the matter. We spoke with a few of the Crisis staff.

Press Corps: Why and how did you become involved with Model UN?
MF: I’ve been doing since 2001, so I have about eight years in Model U N. I joined because a group of my friends influenced my decision to join.
AA: I joined in 1996 during my freshmen year. Without it, I wouldn’t have found out about the UNA-USA and I wouldn’t have the perspective that I have now. Previously being in Model UN, it makes it easier to learn about current events and world news.

PC: What do you enjoy about Model UN?
MF: I like working with teens and trying to make them have a fun time like I did when I started Model UN.
AA: I really enjoy the whole problem solving. I also like the idea of representing a country and debating from its point of view. I really like being with the whole UNA-USA staff because it is like being with an extended family.

PC: What does it take to put the “crisis staff” together?
MF: We have been previously working hard for the last three months, and get here about three to two days prior to the conference.
AA: It takes a lot of planning, hard work, and finding a dedicated staff that have a base knowledge of the topic.

PC: How is it decided when a crisis is needed?
MF: We decide if a crisis is needed depending of the flow of debate. Some parts are made up and some parts are reality.
AA: There is always a crisis. It makes them think fast and logically and it helps them jump into the real action of the UN.

PC: How does the note passing work? How was this decided?
MF: It gives the delegations an option to receive help from their government.

When we first walked in through the secret door we both thought “how cool” and getting the dirty details of how everything gets done was the best part of it all.

- Yari Garcia, Mott Hall High School / Mariel Hernandez, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

Charlie Gormly (York Prep) interviews Sarah Lambino, Technology and Model UN Outreach Coordinator for UNA-USA 

Harman Chopra and Ryan Villanueva

PRESS CORPS: Can you give us a bit of background info about yourself?
RYAN VILLANUEVA: Well to begin, I am from Southern California, Orange County. I have been in MUN since my freshman year in high school. That’s about 9 years. This is my first year out of Yale University. I have been a staffer for 5 years. I was an organizer and a Secretary General.

PC: How was your first time here at MUN?
RV: Well, to be honest it changed my life because of all the cool people I met. I met my current girlfriend here.

PC: What are your hobbies aside from MUN?
RV: I am a fan of public speaking because I love writing speeches. I also love exploring New York City. I also created a website called www.bestdelegate.com, where I can share my experience as a delegate and others can too.

PC: What is the biggest obstacle you have to overcome for a MUN conference?
RV: Well, I would have to say the mindset. Delegates should understand their topics and, as you know, the conferences can get very intense and stressful.

PC: What are your future plans?
RV: Right now I work on Wall Street, and I just want to survive that. I also don’t want to get fired.

PC: What has MUN done for you?
RV: I got involved in MUN because it was an honors class in my school. I wanted to do well in school so I took the class. My late faculty advisor encouraged me to do my best in it. MUN also got me into college. MUN basically helped me realize myself and my potential, and introduced me to my current girlfriend.

PC: How can I be like you?
RV: Well, don’t be like me! Just be yourself. Realize your own potential and learn life skills that can help you.

- Harman Chopra, Queens High School for the Sciences

If it weren’t for the Conference Services and the Logistics staffs, the UNA-USA Model UN conference may not have been the success that it was. The Under Secretary-Generals of the Conference Services and the Logistics staffs are Eduardo Molina and Christopher da Rocha, respectively. “What do these staff members do?” one may ask.

After speaking to Elana Hazghia of Conference Services, I got a bit of insight into what her team does. The staffs are in charge of all the behind-the-scenes tasks of the conference. The first couple of days, staff members organize boxes of gavels, signs, Model UN badges, etc. While the committees are in session, the members type, copy, and distribute resolutions to be discussed at the committee hearings.

They are kind enough to also direct students where to go, without which nobody would have eaten lunch. Unfortunately, I could not get too much information because Conference Services was very busy with their workload.

- Daniel Atlas, Queens High School for the Sciences

The first International Criminal Court (ICC) makes it obiously clear that the use of children in armed combat is a war crime which will most likely be prosecuted at the international level.

During a brief 10 minute moderated caucus motioned by India to further discuss the effectiveness of children in armed conflict, the Russian Federation pointed out that any child under 18 years cannot be taken in as a solider.

Bearing in mind those ex-child soldiers may still be at risk of current recruitments in conflict areas, the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) executive board adopted the optional protocol. Being sponsored by the countries China, India, Guatemala, Pakistan, Cameroon and Serbia, resolution 1.1 was passed without any further delay. Signatories include the Central African Republic, Colombia, Croatia, Germany, Haiti and Iran.

In resolution 1.1, sponsors and signatories agreed on revising the UNICEF committee directions so that it oversees the implementation of the following programs. Another agreement, which endorses the disarmament, strongly recommends the strengthening of the rehabilitation program to help aide these children.

- Hinna Chaudhary, Al-Iman School

The consensus among delegates in the Historical Security Council is that all nations need to cooperate in order to resolve the pirate situation in Somalia. Individual nations cannot solve the problem of pirate attacks. Delegates from the Russian Federation want to find out how the Security council will propose to provide international aid, while delegates from Somalia want to work with African nations to inspire African unity. They believe that African unity will discourage independent anti-government groups from forming and growing. The chair, Emily Bruxvoort, then suggested that they enter a “perpetual caucus”.

Venezuelan delegates agree that education and unity are necessary, and for those to prosper Somalia needs economic investment. Brazil made the point that instilling a democracy in Somalia. The delegates insisted that a democratic government will make inspire people. The chair then asked that the committee consider all forms of government and not just a democracy. She reminded them that a democracy is not the only form of government that will allow Somalia to prosper. However, the majority of the delegates were still in favor of instilling a democracy or at least something similar to that.

Djibouti stressed that education is key for the eradication of pirate and anti-government groups. They expressed that Somalia needs support and a controlled government. They suggested to remove the current dictator from power and put him on trial for the misdeeds he has committed. Ethiopia agreed, but made the point that right after dismantling the central authority, Somalia would need a legitimate, strong leader in place. They stressed that increased communication is the way to improve the situation.

The delegates from Spain wanted the country to have an attitude of pragmatism rather than an emotional one. Cape Verde reinforced that Somalia‘s main interest should be unity for their people. With committee sessions coming to an end later this afternoon, there is still much to be discussed.

- Caroline Horizny, Somers High School

Delegates representing Serbia hard at work

Draft resolution debates have already begun as things are getting fire up in the Historical Security Council 1999 (HSC ’99). The situation in Kosovo has made nineteen nations to bond together and comply with a resolution that will hopefully create a cease-fire, and halt the violence between the Kosovo people and Serbians.

As Committee Session III starts, Draft Resolution 1.2 was officially introduced to the entire body, bringing them into a “perpetual moderated caucus,” claims by Ravi Sivanandham, the Chair of HSC. The sponsors of Draft Resolution 1.2 consisted of the delegations from Gabon, Gambia, China, and Brazil. They stressed that the need for a cease-fire is prominent and we must impose military actions if and only if these peaceful means are disregarded. Furthermore, the delegates emphasize the needs to formulate local police forces to supervise affected areas, to protect national minorities, and to oversee troops that were once occupied by Kosovo. They also call upon Kosovo to comply with the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) to protect individual needs.

Questions and concerns arise as the introduction to Draft Solution 1.2 concludes. “Serbia doesn’t deserve to gain Kosovo. It lost its national sovereignty after violating human rights.” – Albania

“Autonomy was given, but taken away by Serbia.” – France

Serbia responds by stating that, “Kosovo’s independence is definitely out of the question.” But, other nations believe differently, saying that the Kosovo people will riot and push the Serbs out of Kosovo.

Continuous talks between nations working on friendly and unfriendly amendments to the four draft resolutions in the committee still pertain. Just as these talks are finally coming together, a crisis arises. An article from The New York Times echoed that “Amnesty International condemns the U.S. inaction in Kosovo. Mass grave found near Serbia.” Nations are now blaming the Kosovo Liberation Army and Serbian government for the genocide and ongoing violence. All in all, the intention of this committee is to create a cease-fire in which peaceful negotiations can be made between the Kosovo people and Serbians. With that, this situation can come one step closer to a more sustained world.

So, what will the HSC ’99 decide on to do next?

- Helen Peng, East-West School of International Studies

Today at Session III of the UNA-USA Model UN Conference, I had the opportunity to observe the Historical Security Council 1993 debate about the issue in Somalia. Although my time was limited in the conference room, I was able to grasp the severity of the situation in Somalia as well as ideas for peacekeeping. The plan for peace that I was present to hear about came in the form of “Resolution 1.2.”

During an un-moderated caucus I had the chance to speak to the delegate representing Japan who filled me in on the background of this meeting. Currently, there is much turmoil in Somalia as a result of its essentially powerless government. After the death of their president, six Somali racial groups are in a battle to gain control of their country.

Bombings, fighting, and, effectually, dying have come hand in hand with the struggle for authority. Somalia is in a very critical state right now. Because of the violence, malnutrition, famine, and other afflictions are plaguing the citizens of this troubled nation.

In hopes of finding a solution to the problem in Somalia, Resolution 1.2 was proposed. Sponsored by Kenya, New Zealand, Pakistan, Spain, and the United States, Resolution 1.2 aimed to send in troops to the nation in order to keep the peace amongst the warlords. The troops would also facilitate aid to those in need. Despite the support for sending in troops, several nations had their reservations regarding this resolution. Venezuela criticized the resolution to be vague in its plan and liable to failure because of its loopholes.

Although the vote for the resolution was eleven votes yes, two votes no, it did not pass.

- Daniel Atlas, Queens High School for the Sciences (Article & Art)

What to do?

There is confusion, chaos, and disorder in the World Health Organization this morning, May 16, 2009.

A mini-war erupted between delegates while arguing over the legalization of Illicit Human Organ Trafficking. Several countries agree that human organ trafficking should tighten regulation and government control. However, for countries that are facing with economic distress, this can cause more trouble for it to be sustainable.

Another problem is trade on the black-market. Those for government regulation believe that it will end the black market once and for all. Other countries disagreed, stating that it would only increase the problem. The delegation of Argentina said, “No! It will only increase the problem because [legalization], it will lower the prices of the black market and cause a [higher demand from the] buyers.”

Many countries lack the funding for government regulation and oversight. Kazakhstan stated that with the legalization it would supervise government conduct. Without it, the government might elicit illegal procedures that do not have the proper equipment to prevent infections and in some cases, even death. Hence, legalization is necessary because it ensures proper pre and post medical procedures and rehabilitation.

Argentina retaliated by saying that if human organ trafficking is decriminalized, some people might take advantage of this system and make profit off from illegal human organ trafficking, which in turn is not the intention of this resolution.

Resolutions are drafted; many are printed, countries are voting for the supreme resolution. What will be the most effective solution?

- Harman Chopra, Queens High School for the Sciences

Micro-lending still a hot topic

Continuing off of yesterday’s Micro-lending conference, the aspects of student and youth loans were being debated. Focusing on the pros and cons of providing money to the young adults and students, the delegates discussed the factors like the responsibilities of the receivers and the outcomes of supplying scholarships. Working off of the problem of interest rates that was addressed yesterday, a resolution was worked on that stated a maximum of 32% interest on a loan.

Taking note of the possible immaturity of the youth receiving the scholarships and loans, some of the ideas that came up were assigning an adult to monitor and regulate the money, creating a system of “checks and balances”. The issue of “youth” was also addressed, there seemed to be different definitions of youth for many countries, whether it was 18-24 or younger, deciding on a certain age range could have brought up problems.

From here, the topic gradually changed beck to the issue of education and ways to benefit and support youth, the future of the countries. Education is important because it can help people obtain jobs, bringing in money. Although the idea of giving money to help educate students and pay for college or even sponsoring scholarships was highly supported, there were still a few problems. The delegates had to make sure to stay on the topic of Micro-lending, opposed to Macro-lending, which works on a much bigger scale, which it was beginning to switch to when talking about funding education. Funding a student’s education, like college would cost a lot of money, straying away from the range of Micro-loans.

Other ideas that came up were training people in handy skills, such as purifying water to help benefit the other people. Creating institutions to help people find and obtain resources was also brought up.

- Elizabeth Berridge, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

Tim Russo greets Caroline Horizny at the UN

Tim Russo is this year's Chief of Staff and graciously took time out of his busy schedule to sit down with The Chronicle.

PRESS CORPS: When do you start preparing for the conference?
TIMOTHY RUSSO: December- there is a strong application process for the senior staffers. Karla and Amy review the applicants for the Chief-Of-Staff position and then notify he or she by November.

PC: What is the biggest glitch you could encounter?
TR: When chairs of big committees cancel 24 hours before the conference. Not to say it’s happened, but it could.

PC: How long have you been the Chief-of -Staff?
TR: This is my first year in this position, but I started three years ago at UNA-USA. My first year I was on Crisis Personnel, and last year I was the Crisis Director of Sri Lanka.

PC: How do you select other staff members?
TR: Once my position is confirmed, I draft up applications for the other staff. In 2-3 weeks, I review about 200 applications, and then narrow those down to about 100 applicants to be reviewed by Amy and Karla.

PC: What is your funniest conference story?
TR: My first year, my best friend was secretary general, and I had never done anything involving model un. I studied forensic speech in college, not international relations or diplomacy, and 3 weeks before UNA-USA, I was asked to be part of a crisis team.

PC: What exactly does your job entail?
TR: I mostly handle staff issues. I set up a dinner for them the other night, and was even serving food. My main concern is keeping everyone happy. I also contacted everyone before the conference so that I knew who they were, and could get to know them personally.

PC: Did you apply specifically for the position and if so, why?
TR: The two other years that I have been here, I was on crisis staff. Last year, I was the crisis director, so there wasn’t much more I could do in that field. I considered applying for the USG, but I knew there were many others who had more experience and would fit the position better. I felt like the chief-of-staff position for me would be the best position for me because I like dealing with people and feel like I have the personality to do so.

PC: What do you like most about it?
TR: Dealing with everyone and knowing exactly who they are.

PC: What is your background and/or school life?
TR: I am 25, and grew up in Allentown, PA. I have my graduation today, May 16. I am graduating from DeSales University, and will continue there to pursue a teaching degree. In the General Assembly on Thursday, I had my cap and gown and had my picture taken up at the podium.

PC: What are your plans for the future?
TR: I’m not sure, but I’m continuing my education at DeSales University so that I can teach in the field of social sciences. One day, I would like to be involved with criminal justice and reform criminal justice policies.

PC: How does it feel to speak with Ban Ki-Moon?
TR: I wasn’t nervous at all speaking to him. He’s very collected, nice, and polite. I felt like acting nervous while speaking to him would be a disservice to him.

- Caroline Horizny, Somers High School

- Interviewed by Kellie Kilcup / Filmed by Caroline Horizny, Somers High School

- Interviewed by Charlie Gormly, York Prep / Filmed by Caroline Horizny, Somers High School

At the end of World War II, the United Nations needed a permanent place to stay. New York City, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston were four cities that were competing to be the host city.

Each city competed to host the UN. The Mayor of New York at the time, William O’Bwyer, chose Robert Moses and eleven other prominent New Yorkers to form a committee. Their goal for the committee was to create a proposal that would ensure the selection of New York City as permanent host of the UN. The UN needed a temporary home because they had a lot of immediate problems following World War II.

By 1946, the UN settled in two places in New York. The Security Council was stationed in Lake Success in Nassau County and the General Assembly (GA) began to meet in Flushing Meadows Park in the city of New York building. The city of New York wanted the UN to stay in Flushing and make it a World Capital.

“With the help of all good men, we can stay here for some years. I like this building very much,” said Secretary General Trygve Lie. He did not commit himself permanently on the city of New York building. Because of this, the UN hierarchy was warm to the idea of the Queens site, but they were leaning towards moving to Philadelphia.

Moses found out Philadelphia and San Francisco were aggressively pushing their cities. Within 48 hours Moses called Rockefeller and they bought the property on First Avenue in the east 40’s.

- Charlie Gormly, York Prep

Back in 1999...

The conflict between Kosovo and Serbia goes back many years, battling over the question if Kosovo should become its own independent nation or continue under Serbian control. Kosovo has long desired their independence and it has led to violence on both sides. So the burning question is: autonomy, or independence?

A heated debate during a moderated caucus caused the committee to deadlock in the midst of disagreement. “Kosovo should gain their independence, not immediate but soon”- Slovenia. “Serbia will not cede independence to Kosovo” – Serbia. And although there was much disagreement, the main goal was to find a long term solution that took action in a peaceful agreement for all by giving in into what the people want.

The most important theme that seems to be going on in the HSC Kosovo is the concern for peace and a guarantee for people’s safety. During this conflict many have been killed---as many as forty-five in what is being called a massacre, “stop the violence”- Serbia. Working together to end killings and advocate peace keeping it can be something that is not so out of reach.

As the debate continued, the committee began to work on their bloc policies with both parties having similar points that could potentially lead to the best compromise. The ideal compromise would be autonomy, although it would be hard for some to agree to any of the presented policies because very few mention the human rights violations and how to put a stop to them. Although the idea of safety zones for displaced people has been bought up not much has been done to make it happen.

“To come to a solution a less bias approach has to be taken”- Gabon. The delegations must meet half way because if they cant hear each other out the problem will continue and the violence that so many want stopped will proceed until someone gets what they want, either Serbia will keep full control over Kosovo or the area of Kosovo will break apart and become independent even though both of these decisions will cause anger for one group, when instead they can meet in the middle with agreeing on autonomy which may be the easiest and best compromise for all.

- Yari Garcia, Mott Hall High School

Advisors from Rome, Italy

The UNA-USA Model United Nations conference is an experience that provides students from around the world to come together under one roof as delegates, and work together in resolving some of the world’s most vital issues.

A lot of hard work is put into the conference from both the UNA faculties and the faculty advisors that help their students prepare for it. The faculty advisors work alongside the students in preparing them as best they can for the various procedures and rules that must be seen through. Not only do the students learn from this esteemed opportunity, but the advisors learn from it as well. Here is what some of them had to say about it:

“The Model UN experience helps open students to diverse points of view. They get to meet students from around the world. Not only is the conference a simulated diversity, but it is also a real diversity. This year, the Italian kids came to meet my own students, so that really helped with the learning process.” – Advisor Stuart Symons from Bronx High School

“The students go from thinking about current events and not knowing how to speak about them, to being able to make arguments showing what they think. I once had a really quiet student who would not speak at all in any of his classes, but after his first conference it was a complete turnaround. At first, the students don’t know how to express themselves, but then afterwards they become confident.” – Advisor Ms. Graef from Herricks High School

“The Model UN is a very exciting experience for the students. I know some of them might be frightened, but it helps them work on building up courage. They feel that it is a very interesting experience and it also helps them practice the English language. There is a lot of diversity and exchanging of ideas. It is the same even for us teachers.” – Advisor from Messina Archimede

“The conference allows the students to think on their feet and react to different situations. It helps the students integrate policies and better their social interaction.” – Advisor Fiztpatrick from Green Farms Academy

"The conference helps the students meet others from diverse backgrounds with different cultures, languages, traditions, etc. The students might even learn a word or two of the others' language, also. More importantly, it helps build their confidence and self-esteem through public speaking and debating. It helps them prepare for their futures, especially if they plan on purusing a diplomatic career." - Advisor Loubna Mansouri from Al-Iman School

arn more English. The conference helps build team work because they meet with so many different other nationalities. The MUN conference is a wonderful program and is very useful. We have rarely dealt with any other program like this." - Advisor Maria Cristina de Mariasserrich & Carla Mummolo from Liceo-ginnasio "Dante Alighieri", Rome, Italy

"The students benefit from this conference because they are exposed to actions and experiences like those of real diplomats in our contemporary world. The students cross boundaries, especially since our world has become so small. For example, the swine flu started in Mexico and now it has ended up in Japan. We were supposed to meet with the Japanese delegates but they refused because they said they had to be cautious due to the spreading of swine flu. The conference also helps assist the students with their studies. The classroom plays a major role in it as well." - Advisor Sayyed Abd. Al-Mahdi from Razi School

All in all, the conference is a win-win situation for both the advisors and their students. Needless to say, it is also beneficial for the world. The students come for this three-day occasion and leave with the knowledge and experience that will last for a lifetime. 

Advisor from Razi School

Advisor from Al-Iman School

Ethiopia discusses children in armed forces

In 1946, United Nations Children’s Fund Executive Committee (UNICEF) was established to help children suffering from adverse conditions. This committee has focused on endeavors to prevent abuse and exploitation of children. It also implements programs such as access to education and HIV/AIDS prevention. The primary focus for 2009 UNA-USA MUN, UNICEF committee is children in armed conflicts.

There were many motions for unmoderated caucuses to discuss the topic of children in armed conflict. Norway understands that the people recruiting children need to be punished, and a proposal needs to be completed to ensure children’s safety. Delegates from Myanmar agree with Norway that reintegration is needed before any resolution can be made. During the 10 minute unmoderated caucus, Ethiopia is in an agreement with Germany, Russia and Norway collaborating for a resolution to the problem.

The delegates from India and China repeatedly asked for an unmoderated caucus which would allow them to further discuss the situation of children in armed conflict. A representative of China points out that “In order to stop adults from taking kids into conflict they need to be placed in educational facilities which would lessen the chances of recruiting children to the Army.”

The UK refers to the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the Rome Statute of 1998 under article 8; section xxvi, “Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into the national armed forces and using them to participate actively in hostilities” is a type of war crime.

Drafting resolutions in UNICEF

- Hinna Chaudhary, Al-Iman School

In the Human Rights Council, 31 countries discussed the educational rights of women. Many people around the world are unable to get any education, especially women. In many countries, men receive primary education while women’s rights are very limited. Many countries believe that education for both women and men is very important and countries like Japan want to create programs to promote free education for all.

In the Human Rights Council, countries pointed out the necessity for women to have education, however there are countries that believe there are many more problems out there that are more important than primary education. Countries argued back and forth about whether education is the number one on the list of world problems. Countries argued that without enough food, or supplies, people can not get a proper education. Italy, among other countries believes strongly that women have the right to be educated, women need education later in life. Germany, believing in equal rights, suggested funding for educational purposes and supplies and materials so both men and women can get equal education.

A moderated caucus was full of debates and contradicting ideas from the 31 countries. Though all countries believe education is very important, like said by Mexico “Our number one priority is providing schooling!”

Many debated about how this problem should be solved. After many debates about community schools and improving transportation so children can travel from their villages to big schools, five resolutions were written. Many of these resolutions included equal rights of both men and women, core curriculum with health to help prevent the spread of HIV and AIDS. Resolutions also stressed topics of gender separation, religion, teaching quality and non-violence. There were constant disagreements between micro-loans and funding. However, the main goal for everyone is to establish a school system that does not negatively effect countries and increasing educated citizens. Even though they had similar goals, the delegates discussed different ways to provide education in third world countries.

- Suzy Xu, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

Learn more about UNA-USA's stance on Human Rights

Journalists at work

 Sitting in committee, a flash goes off in the back of the room and you wonder, “What was that?” So you turn around and see a frazzled looking person with a camera, scribbling frantically on a notepad. That person is a member of the Press Corps. What is the Press Corps, you ask? Well, it is a select group of talented individuals responsible for bringing you Conference news as fast as they can type.

At every UNA-USA Model UN Conference, the Press Corps publishes issues of The Conference Chronicle, a daily publication about the goings-on of the conference. The Chronicle staff consists of students from all over the world, just as the delegates represent international schools. Reporters dart from committee room to committee room, reporting on issues being discussed, progress that committees make, and eventually the resolutions they develop. Staff conducts interviews with all sorts of people, from delegates to the head of the Conference himself.

The UNA-USA Press Corps has been around for as long as the Conference has. Each year, it has been published and printed as a newspaper, and distributed to attendees after a night of frenzied folding and stapling by the heads of Press Corps. This year, however, The Conference Chronicle is being posted as a blog. Now, articles are being published as fast as they can be written, so those with internet access can stay up to date on the Conference. With this upgrade, The Chronicle now includes videos, picture posts, and articles by the minute. As one Press Corps member asserts, “We’re awesome.”

The Chronicle staff will keep up the hard work as long as delegates continue to resolve world problems.

To learn more about the Press Corps members, see their biographies at the bottom of the page.

- Harman Chopra, Queens High School for the Sciences / Kellie Kilcup, Somers High School

Debating about micro-lending

Ranging from Argentina to Norway, the process of Micro-lending has been widely discussed. Supported by the majority of the countries, the main ideas being talked about dealt with the high interest rates, spreading education and understanding about the loans, and the conflicting ideas dealing with certain countries culture and traditions.

The main issue that the delegates faced was the high interest rate. Many impoverished countries aren’t able to make enough money and repay the loans. Even so, the profit of both the banks and the people receiving the loans had to be considered. Finding a resolution and a selected interest rate or a method to deal with the problem is an important goal to be made.

Another topic that was brought up was education. Some of the people in the countries that need Micro-loans are illiterate or have poor education systems. Some of the suggested solutions were to send educated students or teachers to the countries to help teach them. The countries agreed that education was an important factor in spreading and supporting Micro-lending. The people receiving the Micro-loans have to know what they are doing and what to do with the money. But even so, other factors like the setting and landscape of the country do contribute to the uses of the money. If a country is big and has a spread out population or natural barriers like mountains, the people’s access to the money and other resources, like stores and other people to buy the goods may be restricted.

In addition to education, other topics and ideas that were bought up were lending to families and the youth of the countries. It was important to take into consideration the responsibility that a young adult would be entrusted with, which also related to other idea of lending to families. In some countries and cultures, women have set places in societies, limiting the range and people that the Micro-loans could be given to.

- Elizabeth Berridge, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

The UNCCC comes together as a plenary on Day 2 of the conference

Things have “heated up” in the African division of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (UNCCC). While delegates from African nations work towards a solution for the precarious state of the environment, priorities have shifted to include conduct among the nations for tomorrow’s committee session. The entire UNCCC plenary will meet collectively to discuss how to handle the increasing threat of climate change. As the delegate from Guinea Bissau (Somers HS) stated, “It’s not like anybody is against rectifying pollution!”

Though delegates from the different nations initially broke off into small groups to discuss resolutions, they have slowly come to the realization that unity is important if they plan to achieve anything in tomorrow’s committee session. Delegates are packed together in a tiny room, perhaps to encourage a feeling of cohesiveness among the African nations. Hopefully such cramped quarters will bring the delegates closer together.

Delegates have already begun to work on three separate resolutions, two of which have similar foundations. The first, and apparently most popular, resolution endeavors to request aid from Western powers without seeming too dependent on them, in addition to working towards furthering education and internet access for the public. In turn, African nations plan to create clean energy with said aid, which they can then sell back to the Western countries. Supporters of this paper include delegates from Guinea Bissau and Comoros (Lenox HS). Delegates from Angola (Razi School) assert that African unity is necessary, so that nations might use their abundant natural resources to attract developed countries for financial support.

In another resolution, delegates focused on the idea of having a governing body in Africa with representatives from each nation to focus solely on climate control. A third resolution proposed virtually the same concept, with the amendment that every region would need to discuss its needs, and then work towards satisfying them. Among all three resolutions, one theme is clear: unity among the African nations. Delegates from Seychelles (Academy of American Studies) advocate for the collaboration of nations to fight the consequences of environmental destruction, and to lower gas emissions. In support of the latter resolutions, they maintain that a commitment to cutting greenhouse gas emissions would have the same economic effect as any commitment to technological advances, because people would still be investing in progress.

Regardless of which resolution the committee settles on, it seems that African nations will be unified in time for committee tomorrow with the rest of the UNCCC.

- Kellie Kilcup, Somers High School

- We are all for the illicit trafficking of organs. Steal the kidneys! JOKING

- Signatories? I have no idea what that even means!

- I'm hungry!

- I tremble... with rage!

- No my friend, it'd be like riding in a boat made out of paper!

- "Delegate dance is for babies, it's only until 10:00"

   "Wait aren't you going?"

   "Ya, so?"

- Roses are red,

   Violets are blue,

   You're beautiful,

   Now, could you look onto our side of the room and let us talk too?

- I've had a change of heart, I <3 u!

- Say Cheese! : )

- I think u r very cute! Where r u from?

- "Look how fast that kid texts, he's a master texter"

Myanmar, which is not considered a democratic country by most, is being “pushed” by nations such as Mexico, Libya, and America to become a more democratic nation and government. Suu Kyi, who is a citizen from Myanmar, has gone missing. Suu Kyi favors westernizing the Myanmar government. The nations (mostly western nations) that want Myanmar to become more democratic also want to help find Suu Kyi.

Suu Kyi has been under house arrest for the past 13 years by the Myanmar government because of her political leanings. Suu Kyi was arrested and had been brought to jail, but escaped yesterday, May 14. Numerous nations believe it to be very important to find Suu Kyi. Suu Kyi is important to these nations because she is the forerunner for democracy in Myanmar. The Myanmar government does not want any nation to help with the Suu Kyi situation. They believe that the case is a domestic case and that other countries should not interfere.

Myanmar wants aid from other nations in the areas of human aid, human rights, and economic aid. Libya, America, and Mexico will help with economic aid, but only if Myanmar releases certain political prisoners. Myanmar’s response to this was that they would have to approve the prisoner before they are released because some of the prisoners are known to be dangerous. These nations also want to control some of Myanmar’s trading. Myanmar wants to boost their economy and provide their nation with human aid.

- Charlie Gormly, York Prep

Today at the 10th annual UNA-USA Model U.N. Conference, delegates from across the country and from other countries gathered to discuss the prevention of nuclear terrorism at Session I of the International Atomic Energy Agency committee. Representing different nations of the world, the delegates came in order to describe their countries’ stance on nuclear energy and ways their countries are combating terrorism.

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) was a major topic at the meeting. The Bolivian delegate gave a concise description of the NPT when she said that it “prevents countries from getting nuclear weapons.” Created in 1968, the NPT has 189 countries that adhere to it; however, the permanent members of the Security Council, to this day, possess nuclear weapons.

Some delegates went on to show their countries’ reproach for nuclear energy, and to outline the manners by which their countries have fought against nuclear terrorism. The United Arab Emirates delegate began her speech by saying that the gravity of nuclear weapons were not only present in the dangers associated with them, but also the progress of the nation that it hinders. She was followed by the South African delegate, who said that her country was the “first country to dismantle its problem with nuclear weapons” when South Africa destroyed all of its weapons in 1994.

Other delegates did not condemn atomic energy as much as others did. The Marshall Islands delegate said that nuclear energy was “okay” because of its economical benefits. Haiti went so far as to say that a nuclear ban would not work out. This delegate said that good quality education should be provided that teaches how to handle nuclear weapons.

Delegates from Kazakhstan said that their country is a leading nation in the Central Asian weapons-free zone. Rajdeep Chahal and Richard Choi, representatives of the Dominican Republic, stated that their country is committed to keeping nuclear weapons under control. They said that this could be achieved with improved surveillance of nuclear arms at seaports, airports, and other transportation facilities.

As the delegate from Italy said, “nuclear weapons affect everyone.” It is the hope of this conference to end the threats concerning nuclear energy and terrorists.

- Daniel Atlas, Queens High School for the Sciences

As the roll call ends, the debate begins. The World Health Organization is discussing the topic of Illicit Human Organ Trafficking. This problem has been going on for several years and is mostly located in Asian or African countries.

Some countries such as Iraq have already taken care of this problem but others such as Mexico and Egypt still have this predicament. During the moderated caucus, Libya stated that they want to legalize the trafficking. The delegate from Libya stated, “I feel that it should be legalized because it would be better regulated and that it would increase human protective rights. It is also safer medically and hopefully providing organs on a medical term would be better than providing them on terms of money and as a business.”

However, Mexico disagrees with Libya. Mexico feels disappointed with themselves on account of how long this has been going on in their country. However, they are doing as much as they can on a national level. Mexico has begun to involve their army and started to patrol areas where trafficking is common. Egypt disagrees with Mexico. They feel that this is one of the main problems that are occurring in Egypt. They believe that when they can’t fight it they should just go with it. As Libya stated that it should be facilitated, Egypt agrees. However, Egypt has a problem with people saying that organs should only be donated to people of their own religion. Libya said that each country should be able to regulate how they legalize it and be able to have full power of it. Work on resolutions has begun and the countries have decided to legalize and regulate the illicit trafficking of human organs.

Delegates voting in WHO

- Harman Chopra, Queens High School for the Sciences

Delegates eagerly voting on a motion in Ecosoc

From the moment one stepped into the small Economic and Social Council conference room, more than ten countries wanted to be put on the speaker’s list. Countries such as Liechtenstein, Sweden and Brazil were the first to have their opinions heard on the topic of violence against women. In total, a mass amount of 40 countries were placed on the list, all who wanted to discuss this major problem that the world is currently facing.

Lichtenstein introduced the topic of women’s rights and articulated, “We strongly believe in eliminating sexual harassment and violence of women as we support equality for both males and females.”

Sweden believes that violence against women should be condemned as one of the world’s worst crimes being that women make up of half the world’s population. They also spoke about Sweden’s government bail of 1998 in which the government promoted proactive measures to help stop the rising numbers of women being abused.

Even though it was just the beginning of the debate, countries were already facing trouble with motions. There was a strong debate over changing the speaking time from 90 seconds to a shorter time. Many delegates agreed that by switching the speaking time to a mere 30 seconds would just stop many of the countries from getting their views across. Others believed that having a shorter time would help get a higher number of delegates speaking. In the end, the motion failed and the speakers remained with the 90 second speaking time they began with.

Estonia had a strong view with the conflict of violence against women. They described how they are facing a dramatic problem with women’s rights and human trafficking. A shocking 52 percent of women suffer from domestic violence and a vast 20 percent of Estonian of women will suffer from rape at least once in their lifetime.

Countries such as Poland and Guatemala introduced great policies to help stop the violence against women. Poland would like to introduce a program where police officers would be trained to deal with women’s violence. Guatemala yearns for money in resources to help women. They would like to create a comfortable place where women can come to when they have problems. They also believe in preventing mass media from portraying females as victims. In the end Guatemala questioned, “How will this cycle be broken if we do not have the number of resources to help women’s violence come to an end?”

Overall, the countries of the Economic and Social Council will agree on one or more possible solutions that will help eradicate the ongoing problem that the world is facing with violence against women.

- Mariel Hernandez, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

Ethiopia addresses FAO

The topic of biofuel as an economically and environmentally alternative solution grows progressively more discussed with the world in its current state. “Biofuel” is defined as any fuel, such as wood or ethanol, derived from living matter. While most countries support the concept of using biofuel to limit carbon emissions and conserve the environment, arguments arise over the controversy of using staple foods towards fuel as opposed to channeling such resources into feeding citizens of developing nations.

Developing countries collectively raise greater opposition to the use of biofuels than developed nations do. Delegates from Ethiopia (Herricks HS), for instance, believe that money directed towards research of environmentally friendly fuels should instead be channeled into food production and distribution. Biofuel, they note, is a temporary fix to a lasting problem. However, while developing nations find many faults with the current management of biofuel, most support the concept. In addition to hiring the majority of biofuel workers from developing nations, as Ethiopian delegates suggest, delegates from Ghana (Ramapo HS) propose limiting the production of biofuel in arable lands that could be used for cultivating food. Delegates from Iran (Razi School), too, took issue with biofuel: it involves a large intake of resources for a small amount of fuel. Solar power, they suggest, is a far more logical solution.

While developing nations have their reservations about the use of biofuel, delegates from developed countries such as the United States (NEST + M) and Germany (James Madison HS) staunchly support it. Countries such as these recognize the undeniable value of the environmental conservation that biofuel use promises. Reduction of carbon emissions and a decrease in waste are only two of the many environmental advantages. Moreover, delegates from the United States advocate the use of biofuel for its economic benefits. In addition to creating jobs, biofuel promises to lower world food prices.

The verdict is still out on whether the pros of using biofuel outweigh the cons, but one thing is certain: environmental conservation and economic stability are the ultimate incentives for change.

- Kellie Kilcup, Somers High School

As the UNA-USA 10th annual Model United Nations Conference kicks off, delegations from around the world are gearing up for heated debates pertaining to their individual issues. Even the Secretary General to the UN, Ban Ki-Moon, faced a controversial question from the crowd.

“What is the UN planning to do when the Kyoto Protocol is expected to expire in 2012?” He responded by stating five pinpoints countries must agree on. The first being that it is essential to neutralize inequalities between countries and create equal opportunities for all nations. This includes those that are developing, underdeveloped, or developed nations. Second, that developing nations be encouraged to join by taking internal actions, such as providing education and funding. Thirdly, industrialized countries need to provide financial support to developing countries that do not necessarily have enough funding for their country. As a result, governments should try to deliver technological advances and financial packages that will help move along efforts towards climate change. And lastly, how international communities can persuade developing countries to join and help save the world from global warming. Through these five points, the Road to Copenhagen seems to already be on-the-go.

The UN Climate Change Conference (UNCCC) has already begun their talks through regional blocks which consist of: Eastern Europe, Western Europe and other groups, Africa, Latin America and Asia. After just about forty-five minutes from the start of formal debate, delegations from these regional blocks already successfully made a point in their committees. Thus, the first of many un-moderated caucuses begins with delegations scrambling to find others that they can work with.

Eastern European nations are calmly expressing their concerns and proposing potential solutions. The Russian Federation proposes for clean and renewable energy. They stress that equal progress must be made and educational practices be pushed on all social levels. Georgia proposes to create an agency that will help with individual needs for developing nations with no money. As the debate continues, the proposals and different viewpoints continue as well.

“Our goal is to create a unified front for Copenhagen and the Kyoto Protocol in 2012 when it expires. It is not to see who has the money, but what we can do as a whole to make a difference.” - The delegation of Tajikistan

- Helen Peng, East-West School of International Studies

Ban Ki-Moon waving at UNA-USA delegates and greeting UNA-USA MUN SG, Amy Jensen.

The first speaker was Ambassador Thomas J. Miller, the new president of UNA-USA. His experience prior to UNA-USA spans over 29 years. He has previously served as the ambassadors to Greece, and Bosnia-Herzegovina, and has worked in the Balkans, Middle East, and Southeast Asia. He has worked with the President’s envoy in the Middle East, and contributed greatly to the Israeli-Palestinian peace process.

After an introductory statement from UNA-USA MUN Secretary General Amy Jensen, the Secretary General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-Moon, greeted delegates with a friendly wave. In jest, he gave a ‘shout-out’ to Amy’s parents, an apology for subjecting them to his opening speech instead of their daughter’s graduation speech. He spoke about his youth in South Korea, recalling the excitement he felt at the opportunity to visit the United States. Growing up in a family that did not have much money, and he was thrilled at the opportunity that a Red Cross program gave him to participate in world diplomacy. From that moment, he aspired to take part on the world stage. His advice to delegates was this: take part whenever you can in diplomacy through the United Nations, because each and every one of us may eventually have the opportunity to become the Secretary General.

The final speaker was Ambassador Alejandro D. Wolff, who is the current Deputy Permanent U.S. Representative to the United Nations. Although his work is based in Washington, he is fluent in three languages, and had covered assignments in Algeria, Morocco, Chile, Cyprus, Brussels, and Paris. His speech was informative and very appropriate to the conference. Amy Jensen concluded the ceremonies by thanking the delegates and declaring the 10th annual Global Classrooms UNA-USA Conference, open!

- Caroline Horizny, Somers High School

Photos by Milan Stanic

Al-Iman delegates ready for a day at the UN

Al-Iman School in Jamaica, New York, has participated in the UNA-USA MUN conference for the past six years. Because the conference is such a prestigious event to take part in, the students take advantage of the whole school year to prepare. At this conference, the rules of procedure require almost a whole year’s worth of preparation to perfect the skills needed for just three days of the conference.

The 28 students participating in the conference this year have taken time out from their hectic school duties to stay after school on Wednesdays to practice and perfect their skills. Advisors supervised the students while watching the mock sessions conducted by those who had previous experience. At the start of these afterschool sessions, Chairperson Shazib Abbas Syed, a senior, would assign fun topics for the students to debate upon so that the new-comers would become familiarized with formal debate. Towards the end of the sessions, students debated about the actual topics that were assigned to them for the conference. The topics ranged from favorable ice cream flavors and fruits and vegetables, to separatist state movements and illicit trafficking of small arms.

Not only did the students benefit from these mock sessions by perfecting their procedural skills, but the sessions also helped them better prove themselves as mature, young adults changing the world for the better. Although to some students, the process may have come off as tedious, for others, it was a fun way to learn.

What do they hope to accomplish this year? New-comer Nilufar Ayoob says, “I hope all the time and effort me and my partner Zeinab have put into this really pays off. If we manage to win Best Delegation that would be awesome, but even if we don’t, I think just experiencing this whole thing is really cool.”

- Hinna Chaudhary & Suneela Chaudhary, Al-Iman School

Every Thursday, Eleanor Roosevelt’s Model U.N. Club has been meeting at three p.m. Mr. Spear, the school’s American and Global History teacher and Model U.N. supervisor, helpfully set up practice debates and create detailed schedules for May 13th--16th. The practice debates have ranged from Pirates versus Ninjas to Jennifer Aniston versus Angelina Jolie. With a total of 34 delegates (17 pairs), the Eleanor Roosevelt team will be representing countries like Argentina, Timor, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Tanzania, and Cuba in the competition.

The Eleanor Roosevelt Team also represented countries like Venezuela and Canada in the March practice debate at The New York City College. From this the Eleanor Roosevelt Team got a taste of the Model U.N atmosphere and how things flowed. Many members of the Eleanor Roosevelt Team were first timers, but they were able to receive a couple of awards. The students helped each other and were able to share their information of their countries while also learning about other foreign countries and topics.

Some of Eleanor Roosevelt’s Model U.N. students have been very excited to welcome and host a group of Italian students from Sicily who have come to participate in the debates. They visited Eleanor Roosevelt High School on Wednesday May 13th. Staying until lunch, the Italians tagged along with a few of the students to their classes. While talking about the differences between Italian schools and American schools, both groups learned much more about the others culture.

After researching information for position papers, holding a few practice debates, and meeting their fellow Italian delegates, the Eleanor Roosevelt Model U.N. Team had been introduced and prepared for the May 14-16th Model U.N. Conference. The Eleanor Roosevelt students have been looking forward to future conferences.

Eleanor Roosevelt students meet with Sicilian students prior to  UNA-USA MUN

- Elizabeth Berridge & Suzy Xu, Eleanor Roosevelt High School

Welcome to UNA-USA MUN 2009. This conference is in its tenth year and has grown tremendously from 200 students, to over 2000 students participating this year. It brings together students from Global Classrooms programs and schools worThis year at UNA-USA MUN, The Chronicle has changed formats! This Blog will feature articles and videos from our dedicated Press Corps! Check back frequently for updates!

Chronicle Editors

Kevin Felix Chan
Kevin recently graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles with a bachelor’s degree in political science. He has served as Secretary-General for several conferences including UNA-USA MUN 2008, Global Classrooms: Los Angeles, and the UCLA MUN College Conference, and was Head Delegate for the UCLA MUN Travel Team. He is also a writer for the Model UN blog www.bestdelegate.com. Kevin is currently an advertising sales manager at AT&T and aspires to become a global business leader.

 Learn more about BruinMUN, Model UN at UCLA's High School Conference

Amanda Theodoropoulos
Amanda just completed her final year at McGill University in her hometown of Montreal, graduating with a Bachelor of Commerce in Marketing and International Business. She has been involved in Model United Nations since high school and has done everything from being a delegate, to chairing and being Secretary-General. This is her second year working on The Chronicle at UNA-USA MUN and it is one of her favorite aspects of a conference as it’s something different! She loves tennis, fashion and pop culture, so do not starting talking to her about either of those unless you have some time!

 Learn about Secondary Schools' United Nations Symposium, McGill's High School Model UN Conference

Jeffrey Sawyer
Jeff is a senior at Western Oregon University studying history and communications. He has been involved with the university's Model UN group for three years and has held the roles of vice-president and secretary. The Model UN issues he is most interested in are conflict-prevention, economic and social development and anything that improves the state of human rights throughout the world. His dream job would be working with a human rights organization or an international news organization, or any position that allowed him to be outdoors and travel extensively: his two favorite activities.

 Learn about Western Oregon University Model UN

Sammy Liu
Sammy is a graduate student at Rutgers University completing her masters in education. She will graduate this May and will be leaving for the Philippines in August on a Peace Corps assignment. She has studied the United Nations over the years, and these studies have continued while she interned for the United Nations Association of the USA headquarters in the Humanitarian Campaigns and Education Departments. Her special interests and focus are human rights, education, and the Millennium Development Goals. She looks forward to being a part of this educational program and engaging students in international dialogue.

 Apply to be an intern at UNA-USA!

Chronicle Press Corps

Daniel Atlas
Daniel Atlas is a junior at Queens High School for the Sciences in Jamaica, NY. This is both his first year participating in Model United Nations and in the UNA-USA MUN conference. He is interested in covering climate change among other topics at the conference. In his spare time he likes to see his friends, snowboard, and spend time outdoors. As of now, he is undecided between a career in public relations, finance, or international affairs.

Elizabeth Berridge
Elizabeth is in the 10th grade at Eleanor Roosevelt High School in New York City. It is her first year participating in Model UN as a part of the Press Corps. She was a delegate at the 2009 Global Classrooms: New York City Model UN Conference held at City College of New York. She is interested in learning about various Model UN topics. Elizabeth likes playing sports, reading, and traveling to different places. Elizabeth does not know what she would like to do in the future yet and is interested in exploring many professions.

Hinna Chaudhary
Hinna is a senior at Al-Iman School in Jamaica, NY. This is her second and final year participating in Model United Nations and the first in UNA-USA MUN's Press Corps. Some of the issues that Hinna show's particular interest in covering include: international trade, lack of primary education, disarmament and Latin American affairs. In her free time, Hinna enjoys reading (books, articles, etc.), cooking and just being out with friends. Hinna holds high hopes of becoming a journalist for The New York Times in the future.

Suneela Chaudhary
Suneela is an excited senior at Al-Iman High School in Jamaica, Queens, New York. This is her fifth year participating in the Model United Nations and second year in Press Corps. She is especially hoping to cover the conflict of violence against women and the right to primary education. When she's not counting down the days to graduation, Suneela is slowly starting to enjoy how to cook. Suneela aspires to become a doctor in the future.

Harman Chopra
Harman is a freshman at Queens High School for the Sciences at York College. This is his first year participating in Model UN, but he previously volunteered as a page at the 2006 UNA-USA MUN Conference. His primary issue of interest is the nuclear weapon issue going on in North Korea, although he also wants to cover issues such as world hunger and child labor. In his free time he plays many sports such as football, cricket, and basketball, and is on his high school’s swim and tennis teams. In the future he hopes to attend Princeton University and become a neurosurgeon.

Yaridalia Garcia
Yaridalia is a senior at Mott Hall High School in New York City. This is his third year attending the UNA-USA MUN conference and first year in the Press Corps. Some of the issues that he would like to cover during the conference would be United Nations Climate Change Conference, WHO, UNDP, and Historical Security Council 1999. When he is not at school he enjoys watching movies, listening to music, spending time with his friends, exploring New York City and photography. In a near future he would really enjoy taking a trip around the world and capturing the Earth’s beauty in pictures.

Mariel Hernandez
Mariel is a sophomore at Eleanor Roosevelt High School in New York City. This is her first year in Model UN and her first UNA-USA MUN conference. Mariel would like to cover different aspects such as global warming, poverty and nation's economic problems. In her free time, Mariel likes to volunteer, read, dance, and learn different languages such as German and Italian. Mariel aspires to become an editor for a tourism magazine.

Carolina Horizny
Caroline is a junior at Somers High School in Lincolndale, New York. She joined the Model United Nations club in her freshman year and is the president. She has attended The Ivy League Model United Nations Conference (ILMUNC) at UPenn, North American Invitational Model UN Conference (NAIMUN) at Georgetown University, and is attending UNA-USA MUN for the third time. Caroline would like to cover as many topics in the conference as possible, but if she had to choose, she would probably pick either preventing nuclear terrorism or the illegal trafficking of human organs. Aside from Model UN, Caroline helps design her school yearbook, her town’s website, works with an Architecture and Design firm in the summer, plays the flute, piccolo, and alto sax, sings the National Anthem at her school’s football games, and in her remaining time, sleeps. Caroline hopes to one day have a career that involves all of her interests- possibly designing/modeling animated biological systems specializing in the voice box/vocal chords.

Kellie Kilcup
Kellie is a junior at Somers High School, in Lincolndale, NY. She has been participating in Model UN since her freshman year, and has attended UNA-USA twice before as part of the Press Corps. Kellie is most interested in global climate change, as it's one of the most worrisome and immediate threats. In her spare time, Kellie is the Stage Manager for her high school's Drama Club and Musical Club, and enjoys reading, writing, and anything involving words. She hopes to go into some sort of writing field in the future, and spend her time surrounded by and using the words that she loves so much.

Samuel Miller
Samuel is a student at the York Preparatory Academy in New York.

Helen Peng
Helen is a junior at the East-West School of International Studies in Flushing, NY. She is a veteran Model United Nations participant since her freshman year. This will be her third UNA-USA MUN Conference. She enjoys looking at issues affecting Asian blocs and wishes to cover topics such as: climate change, HIV/AIDS, the situation in Myanmar, children in armed conflict, and medical tourism. In her spare time, Helen likes to relax, catch up on Asian dramas, karaoke, play sports, and hang out with her friends. Her love for issues facing the global media world has led her to aspire to be a journalist or event planner in the future.

Suzy Xu
Suzy is a sophomore at Eleanor Roosevelt High School in New York City. This is her first year participating with Model United Nations and her second conference with UNA-USA. She is interested in covering issues such as climate change, human rights and micro-lending in developing countries. Suzy is Chinese with fluency in Mandarin and likes to play tennis, piano, and hang out with friends during her free time. Suzy would like to become a doctor. She would also like to be in a position to help out the economic crisis.